Is there such a thing as an indefinite multiple integral?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the concept of indefinite multiple integrals, exploring whether such integrals exist and how they might be defined or utilized in mathematical contexts, particularly in relation to partial differential equations and boundary conditions. The scope includes theoretical considerations and references to existing literature.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that indefinite multiple integrals could exist, with constants of integration being functions independent of the variable used for integration.
  • Another participant proposes that if multiple integrals are viewed as solutions to partial differential equations, then an "indefinite multiple integral" could correspond to a general solution containing arbitrary functions rather than constants, although this may not be as useful as single-variable indefinite integrals.
  • A different viewpoint references Wikipedia, stating that the concept of an antiderivative is only defined for single-variable functions, implying that the usual definition of indefinite integrals does not extend to multiple integrals.
  • One participant notes the historical context of multiple integrals, mentioning a famous formula by Cauchy and providing a reference to further literature on the topic.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the existence and utility of indefinite multiple integrals, with no consensus reached on the matter. Some argue for their existence in specific contexts, while others challenge this notion based on definitions and existing literature.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations regarding the definitions of indefinite integrals and the assumptions underlying the discussion of multiple integrals, particularly in relation to boundary conditions and the nature of solutions to differential equations.

swampwiz
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A calculus book I am looking at ("Early Transcendentals") does not seem to mention it, but it seems like it is possible, with the constants of integration being functions that have no component in variable being used for the integration.

Any insight? Articles?
 
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If you regard a multiple integral as the solution to a partial differential equation, an "indefinte multiple integral" would correspond to a general solution with no boundary conditions specified, and such solutions usually contain arbitrary functions rather than arbitary constants.

So in that sense, the answer to your question is yes.

But this idea probably isn't so useful as indefinite integrals of a single variable. For ordinary differential equations, finding the general solujtion as an indefinite integral and using the boundary conditions to fix the undetermined constant(s) is a fairly standard solution technique. For partial differential equations, the "general" solution is often so general that it can be written many different ways with apparently different types of arbitrary functions, so to get to a particular solution you have to choose the appropriate form of "general" solution to work with, and that doesn't just fall out of the multiple integral.

As a simple example, take the linear wave equation in 3D space. The "general" solutions can be plane waves, cylindrical waves, spherical waves, etc, etc ... and if the boundary conditions are something to do with a sphere, trying to find the particular solution starting form a general solution expressed as arbitrary functions representing plane waves is going to be somewhere between very difficult and impossible.
 
That's an interesting question. Wikipedia says: "Since the concept of an antiderivative is only defined for functions of a single real variable, the usual definition of the indefinite integral does not immediately extend to the multiple integral." So I guess not.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_integral#Introduction
 
The subject of multiple integrals is not new. A famous formula from Cauchy was published in 1823.
For example, see Reference [4] in the paper "La dérivation fractionnaire", Section 3 :
http://www.scribd.com/JJacquelin/documents
In attachment, an oversimplified insight of the background.
 

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