Kinetic Energy and Uncertainty Principle

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SUMMARY

The minimum kinetic energy of a proton confined in a uranium nucleus with a radius of 7.43 femtometers is calculated using the uncertainty principle. The correct formula is K_{min} ≥ (ħ²)/(2ml²), where ħ = 1.0546 x 10^-34 J·s, m = 1.6726 x 10^-27 kg, and l = 14.86 x 10^-15 m. A common error identified in the discussion is the miscalculation of powers of ten, leading to an incorrect result of 1.5056 x 10^-14 J instead of the expected value around 1 x 10^-11 J. The factor of two in the denominator of the equation must be carefully considered to avoid errors.

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Homework Statement


A proton is confined in a uranium nucleus of radius 7.43 fm. Determine the proton’s minimum kinetic energy K ≥ ∆K according to the uncertainty principle if the proton is well approximated by a Gaussian wave packet confined by the nuclear diameter.

Homework Equations



K_{min}\geq\frac{\hbar^2}{2ml^2}

l=2*7.43fm=14.86*10^-15m

m=m_{p}=1.6726*10^-27kg

\hbar=1.0546*10^-34J*s

The Attempt at a Solution



I think my problem is that i might be using incorrect equations or I'm messing up with units somewhere. I put in the values above into the first equation and got

K_{min}\geq\frac{\hbar^2}{2ml^2}=\frac{(1.0546*10^-34J*s)^2}{2*1.6726*10^-27kg*(14.86*10^-15m)^2}=1.5056*10^-14J

and my web homework program is telling me the answer is incorrect. can anyone lead me in the correct direction please?
 
Last edited:
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The uncertainty principle says delta(x)*delta(p)>=hbar/2. Are you missing that factor of 2?
 
There's something wrong with the powers of ten. I make the result about 10^-11, not 10^-14. i.e. -68 + 27 + 30 = -11.

[Edited : OK, you could be in the right ballpark ...]
 
Last edited:
Dick said:
The uncertainty principle says delta(x)*delta(p)>=hbar/2. Are you missing that factor of 2?

the equation was provided in my book and before i found it in the book i found the relationship between momentum and kinetic energy and put energy in for momentum in delta(x)delta(p)>=hbar/2 and solved for energy and got the same result

Mentz114 said:
There's something wrong with the powers of ten. I make the result about 10^-11, not 10^-14. i.e. -68 + 27 + 30 = -11.

i think that's because the answer is one digit followed by a decimal with powers of ten, but some of the numbers have two digits in my equation and are multiplied by 2, etc.
you might be right though, if anyone wants to check my work more thoroughly... i quite often make simple mistakes with powers ot ten, unit conversions, etc.
 
Your formula for K_min does not contain that factor of two.
 

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