Liminf to limsup transformation question

In summary, when multiplying a sequence by -1, the direction of the sequence is reversed. This means that if the original sequence is increasing, it will become decreasing and vice versa. For a sequence that does not converge, such as 1/2, 0, 2/3, 0, 3/4, ..., the liminf is 0 and the limsup is 1. However, when each term is multiplied by -1, the liminf becomes -1 and the limsup becomes 0. This happens because the negative values are now closer to 0, resulting in a different limit.
  • #1
transgalactic
1,395
0
y_n is a bounded sequence

liminf(-y_n)=-limsup(y_n)
n->infinity

i can't understand how it happens??
 
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  • #2
Multiply as sequence of number reverses the direction. If, for example, the sequence were increasing, say 1, 2, 3, 4, etc., then multiplying by -1 changes it to -1, -2, -3, -4, etc. which is decreasing.

The sequence 1/2, 0, 2/3, 0, 3/4, ..., does not converge but has one subsequence, 0, 0, 0, 0,..., that converges to 0 and another, 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, ..., that converges to 1. For this sequence liminf= 0 and limsup= 1. Multiplying each term by -1 gives -1/2, 0, -2/3, 0, -3/4, ... which has one sequence, 0, 0, 0, ..., that converges to 0 and another, -1/2, -2/3, -3/4, ..., that converges to -1. For this sequence, liminf= -1 and limsup= 0.
 
  • #3
thanks
 

FAQ: Liminf to limsup transformation question

1. What is the liminf to limsup transformation?

The liminf to limsup transformation is a mathematical tool used to study the convergence of a sequence. It involves taking the limit inferior and limit superior of a sequence and comparing them to determine if the sequence converges.

2. How is the liminf to limsup transformation calculated?

The liminf of a sequence is the smallest limit point of the sequence, while the limsup is the largest limit point. To calculate the liminf to limsup transformation, we take the limit inferior of the sequence and then take the limit superior of that result.

3. What does it mean if the liminf to limsup transformation is equal?

If the liminf to limsup transformation is equal, it means that the sequence converges. This is because both the liminf and limsup are approaching the same value, indicating that the sequence is approaching a single limit point.

4. Can the liminf to limsup transformation be used for all sequences?

No, the liminf to limsup transformation can only be used for bounded sequences. This means that the values in the sequence must be finite and not tend to infinity.

5. What are the applications of the liminf to limsup transformation?

The liminf to limsup transformation is commonly used in the study of analysis, specifically in the convergence of sequences and series. It is also used in probability theory and dynamical systems. Additionally, it has applications in physics, economics, and engineering.

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