Cant understand what are they doing in this part of a solution

  • Thread starter Thread starter transgalactic
  • Start date Start date
Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the properties of limit superior (limsup) in sequences, specifically proving the inequality limsup(x_n + y_n) ≥ liminf x_n + limsup y_n. The participants establish that limsup(-x_n) equals -liminf(x_n) and demonstrate that limsup(x_n + y_n) - liminf x_n is greater than or equal to limsup y_n. An example is provided where x_n alternates between 0 and 1, illustrating that limsup(x_n + y_n) can exceed limsup y_n, confirming the inequality's validity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of limit superior (limsup) and limit inferior (liminf) in sequences.
  • Familiarity with bounded sequences in mathematical analysis.
  • Basic knowledge of inequalities and their properties in real analysis.
  • Experience with sequence convergence and divergence concepts.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of limsup and liminf in detail.
  • Explore examples of bounded sequences and their behavior under limsup and liminf.
  • Learn about convergence criteria for sequences in real analysis.
  • Investigate the implications of inequalities involving limsup in mathematical proofs.
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students of real analysis, and anyone studying advanced calculus or sequence behavior will benefit from this discussion.

transgalactic
Messages
1,386
Reaction score
0
x_n and y_n are bounded
the first part was proved
we have that
limsup x_n+limsup y_n>=limsup(x_n+y_n)
now we need to prove that:
limsup(x_n+y_n)>=liminf x_n +limsup y_n

as n->infinity
the say:
limsup(-x_n)=-liminf(x_n)

then they say
limsup(x_n+y_n)-liminf x_n=limsup(x_n+y_n)+limsup (-x_n)>=limsup y_n

so by putting liminf x_n on the other side we get
imsup(x_n+y_n)>=liminf x_n +limsup y_n

why
limsup(x_n+y_n)+limsup (-x_n)>=limsup y_n

it should be equal sign
why its bigger ??
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Because in general, they're not equal. For instance, let x_n = 0 if n even, 1 if n odd. Then lim sup (-x_n) = 0, and lim sup(x_n) = 1. Now let y_n = 0 for all n. Then we have 1 = lim sup (x_n+y_n) + lim sup(-x_n) > lim sup y_n = 0.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
2K
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K