Linear independence of Coordinate vectors as columns & rows

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The discussion centers on the linear independence of coordinate vectors represented as columns and rows in a matrix. Initially, the poster believed the vectors were linearly independent based on their row operations, but later realized a mistake in their calculations showed the vectors are actually linearly dependent. The conversation also touches on whether representing vectors as rows or columns affects the determination of linear dependence, concluding that it does not matter. The poster seeks clarification on theorems related to this concept. Ultimately, the correct identification of linear dependence was confirmed through proper matrix manipulation.
CGandC
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Summary:: x

Question:
1608503464166.png


Book's Answer:
1608503489155.png


My attempt:

The coordinate vectors of the matrices w.r.t to the standard basis of ## M_2(\mathbb{R}) ## are:

##
\lbrack A \rbrack = \begin{bmatrix}1\\2\\-3\\4\\0\\1 \end{bmatrix} , \lbrack B \rbrack = \begin{bmatrix}1\\3\\-4\\6\\5\\4 \end{bmatrix} , \lbrack C \rbrack = \begin{bmatrix} 3\\8\\-11\\16\\10\\9 \end{bmatrix}
##
Putting these coordinate vectors in a matrix ( representing a homogeneous system of equations ):## \begin{bmatrix}
1 & 1 & 3 & | 0 \\
2 & 3 & 8 & | 0 \\
-3 & -4 & -11 & | 0 \\
4 & 6 & 16 & | 0 \\
0 & 5 & 10 & | 0 \\
1 & 4 & 9 & | 0 \\
\end{bmatrix} ##

After many row operations I get the matrix:

## \begin{bmatrix}
1 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\
0 & 1 & 0 & | 0 \\
0 & 0 & 1 & | 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\
\end{bmatrix} ##

[Moderator's note: moved from a technical forum.]

Clearly we have 3 leading coefficients, three of them in the first 3 rows, therefore the coordinate vectors ## \lbrack A \rbrack , \lbrack B \rbrack , \lbrack C \rbrack ## are linearly independent, therefore the matrices ## A , B , C ## are linearly independent.

Why am I getting a contradiction to the real answer ( that ## A , B , C ## are linearly dependent )? How I could've a-priori known to represent the coordinate vectors as rows?

Is there a connection to column and row spaces?
 
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It doesn't matter if you represent them as rows or columns. You made a mistake in the work that you did, can you post it?
 
Turns out I made a mistake in the row operations ( even though I checked beforehand couple of times ), so I get the matrix:

##

\begin{bmatrix}

4 & 6 & 16 & | 0 \\

0 & 5 & 10 & | 0 \\

0 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\

0 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\

0 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\

0 & 0 & 0 & | 0 \\

\end{bmatrix}

##
So the coordinate vectors are clearly linearly dependent.

I have another question: Is there some theorem stating that it won't matter to represent the vectors as columns or rows in order to check linear dependence?
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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