Little question on the potential in a conducting spherical shell

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The potential of a conducting spherical shell with a positive charge Q on a small metal sphere of radius a (where a < b) and a total charge of -Q on the shell is determined by the formula V_total = kQ(1/r - 1/b). The inner radius of the shell compensates for the sphere's charge, while the outer radius has no charge, resulting in V_outer = 0. The textbook's assertion that V_total = kQ(1/a - 1/b) is incorrect in the context of measuring potential at a specific point, r = a. The correct approach involves understanding the potential differences between specified points.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electrostatics and electric potential
  • Familiarity with the concept of conducting spherical shells
  • Knowledge of point charges and their potential equations
  • Basic grasp of electrostatic equilibrium principles
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of electric potential for point charges and spherical conductors
  • Learn about the properties of conductors in electrostatic equilibrium
  • Explore the implications of charge distribution on conducting shells
  • Investigate potential differences in electrostatic systems
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone studying electrostatics or working with electric fields and potentials in conductive materials.

Lisa...
Messages
189
Reaction score
0
The question is:

A conducting spherical shell of inner radius b and outer radius c is concentric with a small metal sphere of radius
a < b. The metal sphere has a positive charge Q. The total charge on the conducting spherical shell is –Q. What is the potential of the metal sphere?

I thought: The potential of the metal sphere is measured when a < r < b and V= Vmetal sphere+ Vinner radius of shell+Vouter radius of shell

1) The metal sphere is to be considered as a point charge, therefore [tex]V_s_p_h_e_r_e= \frac{kQ}{r}[/tex]

2) The inner radius has charge -Q in order to compensate the charge of the metal sphere and if a< r < b then r < the inner radius of the metal sphere (b). Because the rule for a spherical shell is:

[tex]V= \frac{kQ}{r}[/tex] if r > R
[tex]V=\frac{kQ}{R}[/tex] if r < R

with R the radius of the spherical shell and r the distance from its center

V inner radius of shell= [tex]\frac{kQ}{b}[/tex]

3) The outer radius has charge 0 because a charge of -Q is induced on the inner sphere, a charge of +Q will be found on the outer spherical shell which already was -Q before the electrostatic equilibrium was established. Therefore Q outer radius= 0 and V outer radius=0

Summerizing:

Vtotal= [tex]\frac{kQ}{r} + \frac{kQ}{b} = kQ{\frac{1}{r} - \frac{1}{b}[/tex]

though my textbook tells me Vtotal= [tex]kQ{\frac{1}{a} - \frac{1}{b}[/tex]

So who is right and who is wrong?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
How can you have an r in your answer? You are asked for the potential at a particular point, r = a.

(1) What's the potential difference between points r = b & r = a?

(2) What's the potential difference between r = b & r = c? (Don't forget it's a conducting shell.)

(3) What's the potential difference between r = c & r = infinity? (The outer surface has zero charge.)
 
Thank you I've figured it out now :)
 

Similar threads

Replies
5
Views
1K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
779
  • · Replies 19 ·
Replies
19
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
1K
Replies
1
Views
970
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
3K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
10K
  • · Replies 43 ·
2
Replies
43
Views
4K
Replies
5
Views
4K