Magnetic system, partition function

In summary, the conversation discusses a magnetic system with N independent molecules and 4 distinct energy levels. The partition function and the Hemholtz function are written down, and the internal energy and magnetization are found using these expressions. The magnetization can also be calculated using a different equation that includes magnetic energy. The magnetization is given by the sum of the magnetic moments of each state multiplied by their respective probabilities.
  • #1
nicksauce
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Homework Statement


A certain magnetic system has N independent molecules per unit volume, each of which as 4 distinct energy levels: [tex]0, \Delta - \mu_BB, \Delta, \Delta + \mu_BB[/tex].
i) Write down the partition function, and hence find an expression for the Hemholtz function
ii) Use this expression to find the internal energy, U, and the magnetization M.


Homework Equations


[tex]F = -\frac{\ln{Z}}{\beta}[/tex]
[tex]U = F - T\frac{\partial F}{\partial T}[/tex]


The Attempt at a Solution


So I think I found the correct equations for the partition function, the hemholtz function and the energy, but I am not quite sure on how to calculate the magnetization. Any ideas?
 
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  • #2
There are other ways of writing the internal energy of a system that include magnetic energy.
 
  • #3
The magnetization is given by (Schroeder. "Thermal Physics")
[tex]M=N\bar{\mu_{z}} [/tex]
where
[tex]\bar{\mu_{z}}=\sum_{s}{\mu_{z}(s)P(s)}[/tex]
where P(s) is the probability for state s.
 

1. What is a magnetic system?

A magnetic system is a physical system composed of magnetic materials or particles that exhibit magnetic properties, such as the ability to attract or repel other magnets.

2. What is the partition function in a magnetic system?

The partition function in a magnetic system is a mathematical concept used to describe the statistical behavior of a collection of magnetic particles. It represents the sum of all possible states that the system can occupy at a given temperature.

3. How is the partition function calculated in a magnetic system?

The partition function is calculated by summing over all possible states of the magnetic system, taking into account the energy levels and the degeneracy of each state. It can also be expressed in terms of the Boltzmann factor, which takes into account the temperature of the system.

4. What is the significance of the partition function in a magnetic system?

The partition function is a fundamental quantity in statistical mechanics that allows us to calculate thermodynamic properties of a magnetic system, such as the average energy and magnetization. It also provides a link between the microscopic behavior of individual particles and the macroscopic behavior of the system as a whole.

5. How does the partition function change with temperature in a magnetic system?

The partition function is directly proportional to the temperature of the system. As the temperature increases, the number of available states for the magnetic particles also increases, leading to a larger partition function. This in turn affects the thermodynamic properties of the system, such as the average energy and magnetization.

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