Maximizing Pulling Force with Static Friction

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on maximizing the pulling force of a box of sand across a floor using a cable with a maximum tension of 1100 N and a static friction coefficient of 0.35. The optimal angle between the cable and the horizontal for maximum sand weight is calculated to be 19.3°. The weight of the sand and box at this angle is determined to be approximately 3,350 N. The solution employs static friction equations and the concept of maxima to derive these values.

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  • Understanding of static friction and its coefficient
  • Knowledge of Newton's second law (F=ma)
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions and their applications in physics
  • Ability to perform optimization using calculus (finding maxima)
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  • Study the principles of static friction in detail, including the implications of different coefficients
  • Learn about the application of Newton's laws in real-world scenarios
  • Explore trigonometric optimization techniques in physics problems
  • Investigate the use of calculus for determining maxima and minima in various contexts
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics, as well as educators looking for problem-solving techniques in static friction scenarios.

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Homework Statement



An initially stationary box of sand is to be pulled across a floor by means of a cable in which the tension should not exceed 1100 N. The coefficient of static friction between the box and the floor is 0.35.
(a) What should be the angle between the cable and the horizontal in order to pull the greatest amount of sand, and
(b) What is the weight of the sand and box in that situation?

Homework Equations



F=ma
fs-max = FNμs

The Attempt at a Solution



Because the block has to move after all,
the applied force's x-component must be greater than the frictional force that will oppose it by acting in the opposite direction with a maximum magnitude as static frictional force max fs-max.
So, T cosθ > μs(mg-T sinθ)
rewrite, T(cosθ + μssinθ)> 3.43 m
Besides 0 < T < 1100 N
So, 0 < T(cosθ + μssinθ) < 1100(T(cosθ + μssinθ))
And if 3.43 m is already lesser than T(cosθ + μssinθ),
It surely is lesser than 1100(T(cosθ + μssinθ))..
rewriting i get,
cosθ + 0.35 sinθ > 3.1*10-3 m------------------------(1)
Here, I got a gut feeling :smile: and a bit of crooked logic telling me that since the RHS is lesser than the LHS, I should probably be finding the maximum value of the LHS, which would give me the corresponding maximum value for the RHS.
So, I did the maxima for the LHS and got θ=19.3°
this, i resubstituted in (1) to get
m < 341.9 kg.
And so the (a) 19.3°
and (b) weight of the load so (341.9)(9.8)=3.35*103
which tallied with the answers at the back.
BUT is there another method to attack the problem? Is my logic crooked? Any better explanation for the key step where i find θ using maxima? Any advice to tidy up my reasoning in the rest of the solution is also highly welcome! Thanks!
 

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looks real good! I guess you could take the second derivative to be sure you have a max and not a min, which maybe you did, as you did not show calcs for determining the angle for max mass.
 
Yes, @PhantomJay! Thanks!
 

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