Maxwell Equations and Fourier Expansions

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the relationships between electric and magnetic fields as described by Maxwell's equations using Fourier expansions. Specifically, it addresses the derivation of the equation k × E(k, w) = wB(k, w) from Faraday's law and k × H(k, w) = -wD(k, w) from Ampere's law. Participants explore the integration of the Fourier expansion of the electric field E(r, t) and clarify the application of the curl operator in the context of vector calculus. The conversation emphasizes the importance of correctly applying the definitions of cross products and partial derivatives in these derivations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Maxwell's equations, specifically Faraday's law and Ampere's law.
  • Familiarity with vector calculus, particularly the curl operator.
  • Knowledge of Fourier analysis and its application in physics.
  • Proficiency in manipulating complex exponentials and integrals.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the curl operator in vector calculus.
  • Learn about the application of Fourier transforms in electromagnetic theory.
  • Explore the implications of Maxwell's equations in wave propagation.
  • Investigate the relationship between electric and magnetic fields in different media.
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Students and professionals in physics, particularly those studying electromagnetism, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in the mathematical foundations of wave phenomena.

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Homework Statement



The field E(r,t) can be written as a Fourier expansion of plane waves E(r,t)=∫E(k,w)e^{i(kr-wt)}d^{3}kdw with similar expansions for other fields.

Need to show the derivation of kXE(k,w)=wB(k,w) from Faraday's law ∇XE(r,t)=-∂B(r,t)/∂t and also the derivation of kXH(k,w)=-wD(k,w) from Ampere's law ∇XH(r,t)=∂D(r,t)/∂t

Homework Equations



∫e^{ax}=(1/a)e^{ax}

The Attempt at a Solution



I thought the Fourier expansion expression for E meant to integrate with once with respect to w and three times with respect to k, so get:

∫E(k,w)e^{i(kr-wt)}d^{3}kdw = (1/r)x(1/r)x(1/r)x(-1/t)e^{i(kr-wt)}=(-1/r^{3}t)e^{i(kr-wt)}

But that clearly doesn't give the result, no k or w there at all... what am I doing wrong? I get this isn't tricky but can't figure it out.
 
Last edited:
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Just try to evaluate curlE : (curlE)i = εijkjEk and compare the result with the definition of cross product : (A×B)i = εijkΑjBk. You don't have to try to evaluate the Fourier integral; actually you can't, since E(k,w) is unknown (if known, then the field E(r,t) would also be known). Make the partial derivations of the Fourier integral by derivating directly the integrand.
 
I still don't get how to do this :frown:

So I should take (∇E)i = ε_{ijk}∂_{j}E_{k} and compare the result with the definition of cross product (A×B)i = ε_{ijk}Α_{j}B_{k}?

So (∇E) = ∂_{j}E_{k} = A_{j}B_{k}=AXB=kXE?
 

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