Mean Value property (harmonic functions) with a source?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the mean value property for harmonic functions in the context of the heat equation, specifically when a heat source is present. It is established that when the equation takes the form ∂u/∂t=0 on the left-hand side and Uxx + Q on the right-hand side, where Q represents a heat source, the function U is no longer harmonic. Consequently, the mean value property, which states that if u is harmonic on B(a,r), then u equals the average of u over ∂B(a,r), does not hold when Q is nonzero. The conclusion is that the mean value property applies only when Q=0, indicating the absence of a heat source.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the heat equation and its components, specifically ∂u/∂t and Uxx.
  • Knowledge of harmonic functions and their properties.
  • Familiarity with the concept of heat sources in mathematical modeling.
  • Basic principles of energy conservation in thermodynamics.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of non-harmonic functions in differential equations.
  • Learn about the role of heat sources in the heat equation and their effects on temperature distribution.
  • Explore advanced topics in partial differential equations, focusing on the heat equation.
  • Investigate the mathematical proofs of the mean value property for harmonic functions.
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in mathematics, particularly those studying partial differential equations, thermodynamics, and mathematical physics, will benefit from this discussion.

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Mean Value property (harmonic functions) with a source??

Homework Statement



I understand that the heat equation may yield ∂u/∂t=0 on the LHS and on the RHS we may still have Uxx+Q where Uxx is partial with respect to x twice and Q is a heat source. U in our case may be the temperature function.

Now my teacher introduces the mean value property for harmonic functions and I ask, when there is a heat source the mean value property breaks down, is this because our RHS is not a harmonic function or am I wrong in assuming the property doesn't still hold. My reasoning is that if we take a cross section of let's say a cylinder with a wire (sourse) going through the middle and we take a point close to the source, create a ball around it, then due to the conservation of energy we will find that the point has a temperature hotter than the average temperature along the boundary of the ball we created.

Much input is needed/appreciated as my teacher wasn't able to address my question.

Homework Equations



1.4 Mean-Value Property: If u is harmonic on B(a,r), then u equals the average of u over ∂B(a,r).

The Attempt at a Solution



Hours of thinking
 
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Nothing wrong with your thinking. If a function is harmonic then Uxx=0. If your equation is Uxx+Q=0 and Q is nonzero then you have a heat source and U is no longer harmonic. So the mean value property no longer applies. U is harmonic only where Q=0.
 

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