Measuring Velocity of a Sphere - Impulse & Energy Conservation

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    Measuring Velocity
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around methods for measuring the velocity of a sphere under the influence of a force, particularly in the context of experiments involving impulse and conservation of mechanical energy. Participants explore both practical experimental techniques and indirect mathematical approaches.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant mentions using the formula v = (2gH)¹/² for calculating velocity in free fall and seeks additional practical methods for measurement.
  • Another participant suggests using stroboscopes and long exposure photography or video with a known frame rate as potential methods for measuring velocity.
  • A later reply agrees with the use of cameras and stroboscopes, emphasizing that the choice of method depends on the available equipment and the experimental context.
  • One participant notes that in a school or college lab, equipment like counters and light gates may be available, which could enhance measurement accuracy.
  • Concerns are raised about the cost and practicality of conducting experiments independently, suggesting that school resources may provide better value for repeated use.
  • Another participant mentions that a cheap oscilloscope could be useful for accurate timing measurements, appealing to those with an interest in electronic construction.
  • Simulation software is proposed as a potentially cost-effective alternative, though its appeal may vary among experimenters.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the choice of measurement method depends on available equipment and the context of the experiments. However, there is no consensus on a single best approach, as multiple methods are suggested and their applicability varies.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on specific equipment availability, the potential for varying accuracy based on the chosen method, and the financial considerations of conducting experiments independently versus in a school setting.

Lukeblackhill
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Morning!

I was performing some experiments about impulse and conservation of mechanical energy, and for that I was looking to good ways of measuring the velocity of a sphere under the action of a force. In free fall, having the height H it was falling along, I have used the formula v = (2gH)¹/². I'd like to know if there are more practical (experimental) way of measuring velocity of if I have to recur to indirect, mathematical ways each time.

Thank you!
 
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This depends on your available equipment. Stroboscopes and long exposure photos and/or video with known frame rate or good time stamping comes to mind.
 
Orodruin said:
This depends on your available equipment. Stroboscopes and long exposure photos and/or video with known frame rate or good time stamping comes to mind.

The idea of the camera is good, @Orodruin. I'll try that. I will also give a look about this Stroboscope. Thank you.
 
Orodruin said:
This depends on your available equipment. Stroboscopes and long exposure photos and/or video with known frame rate or good time stamping comes to mind.
Absolutely agree and it all depends on the level that the OP wants to be experimenting. If the OP has a school or college lab available then there will probably be counters and light gates in a standard Physics Prep room. A TV camera with a good shutter can give timing resolution in the ms range.
The problem with doing these experiments on your own is that nothing is very cheap and you only do each experiment once. In school, the same equipment is much better value because it can be used by several different classes every year.
If you are happy with electronic construction, you can approach most experiments from that angle. A cheap oscilloscope can be used for accurate timing measurements. A scope can be so useful for other things too. But that would only appear to a certain type of home experimenter.
Simulation software is a cheaper way into this topic but it may well just not appeal any more than just doing the calculations.
 

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