Millikan's Oil-Drop Experiment: Is my reasoning correct?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the derivation of the electric field strength required to equalize the rise time of an oil drop in Millikan's Oil-Drop Experiment, concluding that ε = (2mg)/q is the correct expression. The participant correctly applies Newton's second law, identifying the forces acting on the oil drop, including gravity (mg), buoyancy (bv), and the electric force (εq). The reasoning emphasizes the need to account for drag forces symmetrically during both upward and downward motion. The approach is validated, confirming the participant's understanding of the physics involved.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's second law (F = ma)
  • Knowledge of forces acting on a particle (gravity, buoyancy, electric force)
  • Familiarity with the concept of terminal velocity
  • Basic principles of electrostatics and charge interactions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of terminal velocity in fluid dynamics
  • Learn about the effects of drag force on moving objects
  • Explore the principles of electrostatics in more depth
  • Investigate applications of Millikan's Oil-Drop Experiment in modern physics
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Students in physics, particularly those studying electromagnetism and fluid dynamics, as well as educators looking to clarify concepts related to forces and motion in charged particles.

Mason Smith
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Homework Statement


Show that the electric field needed to make the rise time of the oil drop equal to the its field free time is
ε = (2mg)/q

Homework Equations


Newton's second law F = ma
The force of gravity FG = mg, where g = 9.8 ms-2
The force of buoyancy Fb = bv
The force of an electric field on a charge ε = F/q, where ε = the strength of the electric field and q = the charge of the particle

The Attempt at a Solution


First, I added the forces for the oil drop falling when the electric field is "off." I added the buoyant force that results from terminal velocity and the force of gravity.
F = ma = 0 = bv - mg = 0 [1]
This can be rearranged to
bv = mg [2]

Second, I reasoned that when the electric field is "on," the sum of the forces must be
F = ma = εq - mg = mg [3]
I rewrote this as
ε = (2mg)/q

Was my approach correct for solving this problem?
 
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The "force from the velocity" is not related to buoyancy, it is just drag. If you take it into account for the downwards motion you should also do it for the upwards motion to keep the symmetry.
 

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