Model Flow Over Bombs: Rotation & Drag Coefficients

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    Bomb Rotation
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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the aerodynamic behavior of bombs, specifically focusing on the coefficient of drag and the effects of fins on rotation and stability during free fall. Participants explore the implications of various design features on flight dynamics, including angles of attack and the relationship between flow velocity and rotation rate.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant is investigating how to model the coefficient of drag on bombs with different drag features using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and questions whether bombs with fins rotate during free fall.
  • Another participant compares the function of bomb fins to that of arrow feathers, suggesting that fins help maintain a stable flight path and minimize drag, thus maximizing travel distance and impact velocity.
  • A later reply notes that some bombs are designed to spin while falling, while others are not, depending on their specific design and purpose, providing examples of both types.
  • Participants discuss different types of fins, including fixed fins for stability and grid fins that increase aerodynamic drag, along with links to external resources for further reading.
  • One participant seeks clarification on when a ballistic bomb design would benefit from rotation and asks about the application of rotation in air-to-air missiles, prompting further exploration of specific missile types.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying views on the role of fins in bomb stability and rotation, indicating that there is no consensus on the specific conditions under which rotation is beneficial for bomb designs. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the optimal design features for different types of bombs and missiles.

Contextual Notes

Some claims rely on specific assumptions about bomb design and aerodynamics that may not be universally applicable. The discussion includes references to external resources that may provide additional context but does not resolve the technical questions posed.

Who May Find This Useful

Individuals interested in aerodynamics, military technology, and computational fluid dynamics may find the insights and discussions relevant to their fields of study or work.

gm3
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I'm working on a project that will find the coefficient of drag on bombs with various added drag features by modeling flow over the bomb at various angles of attack using CFD.

The problem is that I'm not sure if bombs with fins rotate while they are falling due to gravity, and if so, how I can relate the velocity of the flow to the rotation rate of the bomb.

Since the fins on a bomb are flat and not curved like an impeller, do they simply keep the bomb flying on a predictable path?
 
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Same purpose as an the feathers or fins of an arrow. They keep the nose pointing in direction of travel and prevent the arrow ( bomb ) from tumbling head over heal. In this way drag is minimized along the streamlined surface of the projectile, travel distance ( especially for the arrow ) and velocity would be maximized upon reaching the target. Thus time from release to impact would be minimized which could be a desirable feature as could velocity upon impact.

A weather vane works upon the same principle.
 
Excellent. Thank you.
 
Some bombs are meant to spin as they fall towards their target. Others not; it all depends on the bomb and its purpose. Here are some examples:

Fixed fins, stability only: Paveway IV ( GBU-12 added GPS ) and the GBU-54
Read more: http://www.defencetalk.com/forums/air-force-aviation/bomb-aerodynamics-12499/#ixzz30VtqO1Nu

Fins that cause the bomb to spin:
https://share.sandia.gov/news/resources/news_releases/wind_tunnel/#.U2LllGdOVgU

Grid fins (or lattice fins) are a type of flight control surface used on missiles and bombs in place of more conventional control surfaces, such as planar fins. These fins increase the aerodynamic drag.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_fin

Hundreds of images of various types of bomb fins:
https://www.google.com/search?q=bom...6JseMyASFhoCYAw&ved=0CGUQsAQ&biw=1093&bih=528

A technical paper on the subject:
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL
AND APPLIED MECHANICS
48, 1, pp. 27-44, Warsaw 2010
MODEL OF GASODYNAMIC CONTROL SYSTEM FOR
GUIDED BOMBS
http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/eleme...c/httpwww_ptmts_org_plglebocki-zug-2010-1.pdf
 
gm3 said:
I'm working on a project that will find the coefficient of drag on bombs with various added drag features by modeling flow over the bomb at various angles of attack using CFD.

The problem is that I'm not sure if bombs with fins rotate while they are falling due to gravity, and if so, how I can relate the velocity of the flow to the rotation rate of the bomb.

Since the fins on a bomb are flat and not curved like an impeller, do they simply keep the bomb flying on a predictable path?

gm3 said:
Excellent. Thank you.

So after reading the great responses and links, can you summarize when a ballistic bomb design would be better served with rotation versus not?

And can you extrapolate to air-to-air missles, and why some may use rotation? Which ones do?
 

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