Motor rotating at normal speed and then prevented from rotating

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The discussion centers on the behavior of a motor under two conditions: normal rotation and being prevented from rotating. When the motor is rotating, it functions as both a resistor and an electromotive force (emf) source in series. Conversely, when the motor is stopped, it behaves solely as a resistor. The provided formula for current in the circuit illustrates these principles, highlighting the difference in operation modes. Understanding these concepts is crucial for analyzing motor circuits effectively.
Guillem_dlc
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Homework Statement
A generator of electromotive force ##100\, \textrm{V}## and internal resistance ##1\, \Omega## is connected in series to a motor. A voltmeter is connected between the terminals of the generator. When the motor is rotating at normal speed the voltmeter reads ##95\, \textrm{V}## and when the motor is prevented from rotating it reads ##85\, \textrm{V}##. Calculate:
a) the resistance of the motor (R: ##5,67\, \Omega##).
b) the counter-electromotive force of the motor (R: ##66,7\, \textrm{V}##).
c) the useful power of the motor (R: ##334\, \textrm{W}##).
Relevant Equations
Ohm's law
The current of the circuit would be:

$$I=\dfrac{\varepsilon - \varepsilon'}{r+r'}=\dfrac{100-\varepsilon'}{1+r'}$$

But I do not understand the two methods of operation of the engine that the statement talks about: it rotates in normal regime and the engine is prevented from turning. What conclusions could I draw from this?
 
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When the motor is prevented from rotating, it acts as a simple resistor.

When the motor is rotating, it acts as a simple resistor and an emf-source in series.

You might find it useful to draw the two circuits.
 
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Steve4Physics said:
When the motor is prevented from rotating, it acts as a simple resistor.

When the motor is rotating, it acts as a simple resistor and an emf-source in series.

You might find it useful to draw the two circuits.
Thank you very much! With this hint I was able to do the exercise and I got what it says.
 
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The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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