Normal Stress/Shear Stress from stress tensor

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on analyzing a stress tensor represented by the matrix \(\sigma_{ij} = \begin{pmatrix} 3 & 3 & 3 \\ 3 & 3 & 3 \\ 3 & 3 & 3 \end{pmatrix}\). The eigenvalues identified are \(\lambda_1 = 9\), \(\lambda_2 = 0\), and \(\lambda_3 = 0\), with corresponding eigenvectors \(v_1 = \begin{bmatrix} 1 \\ 1 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix}\), \(v_2 = \begin{bmatrix} -1 \\ 1 \\ 0 \end{bmatrix}\), and \(v_3 = \begin{bmatrix} -1 \\ 0 \\ 1 \end{bmatrix}\). The minimum normal stress occurs on planes aligned with the eigenvector \(v_2\) or \(v_3\), while the maximum shear stress is associated with the plane corresponding to \(v_1\). Understanding the relationship between these vectors and the stress states is crucial for solving the problem.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of stress tensors and their representation in matrix form
  • Knowledge of eigenvalues and eigenvectors in the context of linear algebra
  • Familiarity with Mohr's Circle for visualizing stress transformations
  • Basic principles of mechanics of materials
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of Mohr's Circle in stress analysis
  • Explore the derivation and significance of eigenvalues and eigenvectors in stress tensors
  • Investigate the relationship between normal and shear stresses on different planes
  • Learn about stress transformation equations in three-dimensional stress analysis
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in engineering, particularly those specializing in mechanics of materials, structural analysis, and materials science, will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement


If \sigma_{ij} = \begin{pmatrix}<br /> 3 &amp; 3 &amp; 3 \\<br /> 3 &amp; 3 &amp; 3 \\<br /> 3 &amp; 3 &amp; 3<br /> \end{pmatrix} represents a stress tensor, on what plane(s) will the normal stress be a

minimum? On what plane(s) will the shear stress be a maximum?

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


The first two parts to the question asked for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors, which are:
\lambda_1 = 9 , \lambda_2 = 0 , \lambda_3 = 0

v_1 = \begin{bmatrix}<br /> 1\\<br /> 1\\<br /> 1<br /> \end{bmatrix} ,<br /> <br /> v_2 = \begin{bmatrix}<br /> -1\\<br /> 1\\<br /> 0<br /> \end{bmatrix} ,<br /> <br /> v_3 = \begin{bmatrix}<br /> -1\\<br /> 0\\<br /> 1<br /> \end{bmatrix}<br />

I don't understand how these relate to the normal min, shear max.
 
Last edited:
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What is the normal/shear stress on planes with these vectors as normal vectors? How does the stress change as you make a rotation from one to the other?

Otherwise, a good place to start is reading up on Mohr's circle: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohr's_circle
 

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