The nuclear atomic model, first proposed by Ernest Rutherford, describes an atom as having a small, dense nucleus at its center, surrounded by orbiting electrons. This model emphasizes the nucleus's minimal volume compared to the overall size of the atom. Rutherford's findings revolutionized the understanding of atomic structure by introducing the concept of a central nucleus. The model laid the groundwork for future developments in atomic theory, including quantum mechanics. Overall, the nuclear atomic model remains a fundamental concept in modern chemistry and physics.