Number of photoelectrons liberated

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a problem in the context of the photoelectric effect, specifically focusing on the number of photoelectrons liberated when light of two different wavelengths strikes a metallic surface. The original poster presents a scenario involving light intensity, work function, and the relationship between wavelength and the number of emitted photoelectrons.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to understand the relationship between the number of photoelectrons emitted and the wavelength of the incident light, questioning the common assertion that the number of emitted electrons depends solely on light intensity. Other participants explore the implications of wavelength on photoemission probability and the photoelectric current.

Discussion Status

Participants are actively engaging in clarifying concepts related to the photoelectric effect, with some suggesting that the number of emitted photoelectrons may indeed depend on wavelength, contrary to the original poster's understanding. There is a recognition of differing perspectives on how wavelength influences photoemission.

Contextual Notes

Some participants mention the reflective nature of metallic surfaces and the threshold frequency for photoemission, indicating that assumptions about ideal conditions may need to be reconsidered. The discussion also touches on the quantum efficiency of photocathodes in relation to different wavelengths.

erisedk
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Homework Statement


A beam of light has two wavelengths λ1 (A°, i.e. angstrom) and λ2 with total intensity of I (W/m2) equally distributed amongst the two wavelengths. The beam falls normally on an area A m2 of a clean metallic surface of work function φ (eV). Assume that there is no loss of light by reflection and that each photon has enough energy to eject one electron. Calculate the number of photoelectrons liberated in 2 seconds.

Homework Equations


E = nhc/λ

The Attempt at a Solution


Number of electrons liberated due to light of wavelength λ1 :
I/2×A×2 = n1 hc/λ1
n1 = ( IAλ1 )/hc
Similarly, n2 = ( IAλ2 )/hc
And answer will be n1 + n2
Which is indeed correct.
However, I don't understand something.
Shouldn't the number of photoelectrons ejected be independent of the wavelength of incident light (cos here n ∝ λ)? Isn't that what we've always heard, that number of photoelectrons ejected is only dependent on the intensity of incident light, as long as the light has enough energy to supersede the work function?
 
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Silly problem. First of all because metallic surfaces are quite reflective (up to their plasma frequency).

And of course there is also a wavelength-dependence in the probability of photoemission.
 
PietKuip said:
And of course there is also a wavelength-dependence in the probability of photoemission.

From what I know, the photoelectric current (or the number of photoelectrons emitted) only depends on the intensity of the incident light. Changing the frequency (or wavelength) of the incident light does not change the photoelectric current, as long as the frequency of the incident light is above the threshold frequency.
In this problem, number of photoelectrons emitted is dependent on the wavelength of the incident light. What part of my argument is wrong?
 
erisedk said:
From what I know, the photoelectric current (or the number of photoelectrons emitted) only depends on the intensity of the incident light. Changing the frequency (or wavelength) of the incident light does not change the photoelectric current, as long as the frequency of the incident light is above the threshold frequency.
Of course the photoelectric current must depend on the color of the light. X-rays go straight through.
Here is a plot of the spectral response of some alkali photocathodes (note the logarithmic scale):
http://psec.uchicago.edu/library/photocathodes/zeke_Bialkali.png

The best these optimized materials can do is a quantum efficiency of about 25 % in the blue part of the spectrum.
 
Last edited:
Thank you! I get it now. I was confusing and overcomplicating some things relating to saturation currents for different frequencies.
 
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