Undergrad Observable Universe Size in Different Perspectives

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SUMMARY

The observable universe has a diameter of approximately 46.5 billion light-years, contrary to the claim that it is limited to 14 billion light-years. This discrepancy arises from the expansion of the universe and the distinction between the observable universe and the event horizon. Observers located at different distances, such as 12 billion light-years away, would perceive the same observable universe size, but the light they see would be from an earlier time when the universe was smaller. Dark energy plays a crucial role in determining the limits of visibility, as galaxies beyond approximately 16 billion light-years will eventually become unobservable due to the universe's expansion.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of General Relativity and its implications on distance measurement.
  • Familiarity with cosmological concepts such as the observable universe and event horizon.
  • Knowledge of dark energy and its effects on cosmic expansion.
  • Basic grasp of the Hubble parameter and its significance in cosmology.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the implications of dark energy on the future of the universe.
  • Study the differences between the observable universe and the event horizon in cosmology.
  • Learn about the Hubble parameter and its role in measuring cosmic expansion.
  • Explore the concept of cosmic microwave background radiation and its significance in understanding the universe's history.
USEFUL FOR

Astronomers, astrophysicists, cosmologists, and anyone interested in understanding the complexities of the universe's structure and expansion.

  • #31
stefanbanev said:
- that was the quote from the original post not (not mine).

Actually, I'm in the center of universe; any other observer may make the same claim...
Ooops sorry, don't know how I did that.
but yes everyone is at the center of what is observable for them.
The whole Universe may or may not be infinite, and need not have a center anywhere,
just as there is no place on the surface of a sphere which could be called a center.
 
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  • #32
We don't even know the universe is sphere. I don't think there's any meaning calling "center of the universe", in this sense its just meaningless
 
  • #33
stefanbanev said:
Actually, I'm in the center of universe; any other observer may make the same claim...
Absolutely false. You are in the center of the Observable Universe, NOT "the universe"

EDIT: OOPS ... I see rootone beat me to it.
 
  • #34
Arman777 said:
We don't even know the universe is sphere.
Actually, we know that is is NOT a sphere. If it were, it would have a center and it does not.
 
  • #35
phinds said:
Absolutely false. You are in the center of the Observable Universe, NOT "the universe"
...

Well, it is not false; in fact, the existence of "the universe" if it is not an observable one (in broad information sense) is matter of fate and believe...
 
  • #36
stefanbanev said:
the existence of "the universe" if it is not an observable one (in broad information sense) is matter of fate and believe...

Only in the sense that we can't directly observe it. But if you want to reject the belief that there is universe beyond the part we can observe, you have to claim that the laws of physics suddenly change at the boundary of our observable universe, for no apparent reason. Because if they don't, then the universe beyond what we can observe must be there, since that's what the laws of physics that we see in our observable universe imply.
 
  • #37
PeterDonis said:
Only in the sense that we can't directly observe it. But if you want to reject the belief that there is universe beyond the part we can observe, you have to claim that the laws of physics suddenly change at the boundary of our observable universe, for no apparent reason. Because if they don't, then the universe beyond what we can observe must be there, since that's what the laws of physics that we see in our observable universe imply.

Well, if it is not provable then it is matter of assumption what is totally fine to make, pretty much the same as with different kind of multiverses if such assumptions help some brains to construct theories with better predictive power then it definitely has its merits...
 
  • #38
stefanbanev said:
if it is not provable then it is matter of assumption what is totally fine to make

Yes, but saying that the universe just stops at the boundary of our observable universe is also an assumption--and one which violates Occam's Razor. That's why the assumption that the universe continues past the boundary of our observable universe seems preferable--because it doesn't require claiming that something changes at that particular boundary for no apparent reason.
 
  • #39
PeterDonis said:
Yes, but saying that the universe just stops at the boundary of our observable universe is also an assumption--and one which violates Occam's Razor. That's why the assumption that the universe continues past the boundary of our observable universe seems preferable--because it doesn't require claiming that something changes at that particular boundary for no apparent reason.

>"but saying that the universe just stops at the boundary of our observable universe"

Pls quote where I made such silly assertion ;o)
 
  • #40
stefanbanev said:
Pls quote where I made such silly assertion

You made it implicitly here:

stefanbanev said:
the existence of "the universe" if it is not an observable one (in broad information sense) is matter of fate and believe...

It's only a matter of "faith and belief" if you start with the assumption that the universe stops at the boundary of our observable universe, for no apparent reason. If instead you start with the assumption that the laws of physics don't stop at a particular point for no apparent reason, just because that point happens to be the boundary of our observable universe--i.e., if you start with Occam's Razor--then it doesn't take any "faith and belief" to see that there must be universe beyond the boundary of our observable universe.
 
  • #41
PeterDonis said:
You made it implicitly here:
It's only a matter of "faith and belief" if you start with the assumption that the universe stops at the boundary of our observable universe, for no apparent reason. If instead you start with the assumption that the laws of physics don't stop at a particular point for no apparent reason, just because that point happens to be the boundary of our observable universe--i.e., if you start with Occam's Razor--then it doesn't take any "faith and belief" to see that there must be universe beyond the boundary of our observable universe.

I've made an explicit explanation of my point:

SB>“if it is not provable then it is matter of assumption what is totally fine to make, pretty much the same as with different kind of multiverses if such assumptions help some brains to construct theories with better predictive power then it definitely has its merits... ”

You are definitely free to make your “implicit” interpretations I just see no relation to my point to discuss.

Thanks,
SB
 
  • #42
stefanbanev said:
if it is not provable then it is matter of assumption

What is "provable" depends on what assumptions you start with. You start with the assumption "anything we can't observe we have to take on faith"--but that requires you to also assume that the laws of physics suddenly change at the boundary of our observable universe, for no apparent reason. Only with that additional assumption--which violates Occam's Razor as well as common sense--can you say it isn't "provable" that there is more to the universe than the part we can directly observe.

Whereas I start from the assumption "the laws of physics stay the same everywhere", which allows me to prove immediately that they don't change at the boundary of our observable universe for no apparent reason, and therefore there is more to the universe than the part we can directly observe.

In other words, your apparent belief that only I have to make "assumptions" and you don't, in order to support our respective viewpoints, is not correct.

stefanbanev said:
I just see no relation to my point to discuss.

Perhaps the above will help to explain its relevance.
 
  • #43
PeterDonis said:
No, that's not what is seen from the entire history of the expansion. The entire history of the expansion shows change in the rate of expansion--it was decelerating in the early universe, then a few billion years ago it started accelerating.

Thanks, That is what I thought.

Clausen said:

As I understand the current theory, the rapid rate of expansion of the early universe did slow down some 5 billion years ago, but we now see evidence it has sped up again due to dark energy. Is this your understanding also?

Some of the other answers were confusing, at least to me.
 

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