Optimizing strength to weight in balsa wood deck arch truss bridge

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on optimizing the strength-to-weight ratio in balsa wood deck arch truss bridges. A participant suggests using short diagonal braces instead of long diagonal braces to reduce weight and achieve a more equilateral triangle configuration. This approach is recommended for enhancing structural efficiency. An analysis comparing both options for a single cell is proposed to evaluate performance differences.

PREREQUISITES
  • Balsa wood properties and applications
  • Basic principles of truss bridge design
  • Understanding of structural geometry, particularly triangles
  • Weight distribution and load analysis techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Research methods for analyzing truss configurations
  • Explore software tools for structural analysis, such as Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis
  • Study the impact of brace orientation on load distribution
  • Investigate materials science principles related to balsa wood strength
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Structural engineers, architecture students, hobbyists in model bridge building, and anyone interested in optimizing lightweight structures.

Meep
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Homework Statement
Hey, so I'm designing a deck arch truss bridge from 1/4" x 1/4" balsa wood sticks and would like a few tips on how to optimize my design further. There are some constraints: no more than 1 layer of lamination (so 2 total), length minimum (whole thing is around 14 inches), and so on. The bridge is designed to support the highest weight at the center by a 2x2x1 inch wood block without bending too much.

I like the design I have currently, but want to go further and use some actual math to back it. Research online says a good rise to span ratio of the arch is around 1:4 to 1:6.5, but is there any math I could run through to optimize this using formulas of the strength of an arch to find a specific(ish) number that I can use?

The bridge is judged based on its strength but also its weight, so this must be accounted for as well. Also, are there any improvements I can do to the trusses and their configurations? If you have any questions or need clarification, I'd be happy to answer.

If anyone has free software recommendations for testing and modelling this type of bridge, please let me know. I'm currently using AutoCAD and SOLIDWORKS but I feel I could get better simulation results with other software.

Thanks!
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I notice you have the diagonal braces in each cell on the long diagonal. I would have gone for the short diagonal, both to save weight and to make the triangles closer to equilateral.
Perhaps you could analyse those two options, just for one 'cell'.
 

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