Orbital Transfer DeltaV Comparison for Different Orbits

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on calculating the Hohmann ∆V required for transferring from a low-Earth circular orbit (1.03 Earth radii) to the Moon's orbit (60 Earth radii). The calculations were performed using MATLAB, specifically utilizing the gravitational parameter (mu = 3.986004418e+005) and iterating to find the crossover point where the three-maneuver strategy becomes more ∆V efficient than a direct escape. The final ratio found was 11.938, indicating the point at which the escape option becomes optimal.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of orbital mechanics and Hohmann transfer orbits
  • Proficiency in MATLAB programming for numerical iterations
  • Knowledge of gravitational parameters and their applications in orbital calculations
  • Familiarity with velocity calculations in circular and transfer orbits
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore advanced MATLAB techniques for optimizing orbital transfer calculations
  • Study the mathematical derivation of Hohmann transfer orbits
  • Learn about multi-maneuver orbital transfer strategies and their applications
  • Investigate the impact of varying gravitational parameters on orbital transfers
USEFUL FOR

Aerospace engineers, astrophysicists, and students studying orbital mechanics will benefit from this discussion, particularly those involved in mission planning for lunar or interplanetary transfers.

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Homework Statement


Assuming planar orbits, calculate the Hohmann ∆V required to transfer from a low-Earth
circular orbit with radius of 1.03 Earth radii to the orbit of the Moon (assume 60 Earth
radii). Compare this to the 3-maneuver strategy of (1) escaping to infinity on a parabolic
orbit, (2) maneuvering from infinity to approach the Moon’s radius on a tangential path,
and (3) circularizing at the Moon orbital radius. Use at least 5 significant digits in these
calculations. Locate the crossover point (the ratio r2/r1) where the escape option becomes
more ∆V efficient.

The first parts are solved and cheked to be right.The bold part of the question is the place where i am stuck, finding an iteration to find the crossover point.

Homework Equations


Equations are right, the iteration doesn't work.

The Attempt at a Solution



This is a MATLAB ITERATION.

mu = 3.986004418000000e+005;%gravitaional parameter
r1=1.03*6378;%first point
r2=r1*1.5:1:382680;%final points

for i=1:length(r2);

vesc1=(2*mu/r1)^.5;%escape from leo
vesc2=(2*mu./r2(i)).^.5;%escape from moon
del1=vesc1+vesc2;%left side of deltaone
at=(r1+r2(i))/2;%transfer semimajor axis
et=-mu/2/at;%transfer orbit energy

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
vt1=(2*(et+mu/r1))^.5;%transfer velocity at periapsis1
vt2=(2*(et+mu./r2(i))).^.5;%transfer velocity at apoapsis
v2=(mu./r2(i))^.5;%circular moon orbit velocity

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
del2=vt1-vt2+2*v2;%rhs
del3=del1-del2;%lhs
if del3<0.00001
ratio=r2(i)/r1;%finds the ratio
else
i=i+1;
end
end
 
Last edited:
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Ok, i found the right iteration and solved the question. I moved the variables that vary to the right side and then tried to iterate. this is the solution. the ratio comes out to be 11.938. I will not delete the post since it might help someone.

mu = 3.986004418000000e+005;%gravitaional parameter
r1=1.03*6378;%first point
r2=r1*1.5;%final points
vesc1=(2*mu/r1)^.5;
del1=vesc1;
for i=1:1000000;
r2(i+1)=r2(i)+1;
vesc2(i)=(2*mu./r2(i)).^.5;%escape from moon
%left side of deltaone
at=(r1+r2(i))/2;%transfer semimajor axis
et=-mu/2/at;%transfer orbit energy
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
vt1=(2*(et+mu/r1))^.5;%transfer velocity at periapsis1
vt2=(2*(et+mu./r2(i))).^.5;%transfer velocity at apoapsis
v2(i)=(mu./r2(i))^.5;%circular moon orbit velocity
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
del2=vt1-vt2+2*v2(i)-vesc2(i);%rhs

if del2-del1<0.00000000000001
ratio=r2(i)/r1;%finds the ratio
else
i=i+1;
end
end
 
Last edited:

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