Parallel Transport & Covariant Derivative: Overview

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the concepts of covariant derivatives and parallel transport as introduced in section 3.1 of Wald's General Relativity. The covariant derivative, denoted as \nabla_{a}, is defined to address the dependency of partial derivatives \partial_{a} on the chosen coordinate system, ensuring that the rate of change of a tensor field remains a tensor field itself. The condition for parallel transport of a vector \mathbf{v}^{a} along a curve C is mathematically expressed as \mathbf{t}^{a}\nabla_{a}\mathbf{v}^{b}=0, indicating that the vector remains constant along the curve.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of tensor fields in differential geometry
  • Familiarity with the concepts of partial derivatives and their limitations
  • Knowledge of coordinate systems and their impact on mathematical expressions
  • Basic grasp of General Relativity principles as outlined in Wald's book
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties and applications of covariant derivatives in Riemannian geometry
  • Explore the implications of parallel transport in the context of geodesics
  • Investigate the relationship between curvature and covariant derivatives
  • Review examples of tensor fields and their transformations under coordinate changes
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students and researchers in theoretical physics, particularly those studying General Relativity, as well as mathematicians focusing on differential geometry and tensor analysis.

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I have been reading section 3.1 of Wald's GR book in which he introduces the notion of a covariant derivative. As I understand, this is introduced as the (partial) derivative operators \partial_{a} are dependent on the coordinate system one chooses and thus not naturally associated with the structure of the manifold, therefore we introduce a new derivative operator \nabla_{a} which fulfils this criteria. Intuitively, the covariant derivative is constructed in such a way as to remove any artefacts arising from any particular coordinate system, such that the rate of change of a tensor field in a direction along the manifold is itself a tensor field. Is this correct?

He then goes on to say that a vector \mathbf{v}^{a} given at each point along a curve C (with tangent vector \mathbf{t}^{a}) is said to be parallely transported as one moves along the curve if the equation $$\mathbf{t}^{a}\nabla_{a}\mathbf{v}^{b}=0$$ is satisfied along the curve.
Intuitively, is this a statement that a vector \mathbf{v}^{a} is parallely transported along the curve if it remains constant as it moves along the curve, this can be translated into the mathematical statement that its directional derivative along the curve vanishes, i.e. \mathbf{t}^{a}\nabla_{a}\mathbf{v}^{b}=0. Is this correct?
 
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Both of these seem like reasonable verbalizations to me.
 

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