Peak Amps of a heat pump based AC vs compressor based AC?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the peak power usage of residential air conditioning systems, specifically comparing heat pump-based units to compressor-based units with radiators. The focus is on the implications for homes with limited electrical service, particularly in the context of older houses in the USA.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that heat pump systems, particularly ground source heat pumps, may have lower peak power usage compared to traditional compressor-based AC units due to the more stable temperature of the ground compared to air.
  • One participant notes that peak power demand for ground source systems is lower when the temperature difference between the heat sink and room temperature is minimized, such as during hot weather.
  • Another participant emphasizes that while total efficiency is important, their primary concern is the peak power usage, drawing a parallel to tankless water heaters which may exceed available amperage during peak usage.
  • A participant questions the clarity of terminology used, indicating that heat pumps and air conditioners are fundamentally similar, which may lead to confusion in the discussion.
  • One participant raises a technical point regarding the need for voltage information to accurately assess maximum energy flow and power, suggesting that the term "Amp" should be used correctly as "ampere" or "A".

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the peak power usage of heat pump systems versus compressor-based systems, with some supporting the idea that ground source heat pumps are more efficient at peak usage while others focus on the need for more specific data to draw conclusions.

Contextual Notes

There is a lack of consensus on the definitions and implications of peak power usage versus total efficiency, as well as the specific electrical characteristics of different systems, which may affect the discussion.

Stephen Tashi
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TL;DR
Generally speaking, do residential air conditioners based on heat pumps have less peak power usage than AC units that use only compressors with radiators?
In my city (USA) typical older houses have "100 Amp service" so their peak electric usage is limited to 100 Amps. In considering what sort of electric air conditioning system to install in such a house, peak usage is major consideration. Generally speaking, which type of residential unit has higher peak usage, units based on heat pumps or units based on compressors with radiators?

Edit: I'm using the term "heat pump" to indicate a system that uses a line buried deep in the ground to access an area that remains at a moderate temperature compared to the surface temperature.
 
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Stephen Tashi said:
Summary:: Generally speaking, do residential air conditioners based on heat pumps have less peak power usage than AC units that use only compressors with radiators?

In my city (USA) typical older houses have "100 Amp service" so their peak electric usage is limited to 100 Amps. In considering what sort of electric air conditioning system to install in such a house, peak usage is major consideration. Generally speaking, which type of residential unit has higher peak usage, units based on heat pumps or units based on compressors with radiators?

Edit: I'm using the term "heat pump" to indicate a system that uses a line buried deep in the ground to access an area that remains at a moderate temperature compared to the surface temperature.
That last line clarifies a lot, because a heat pump and air conditioner are exactly the same device except that you can switch the coils...so much of the post was hard to make sense of...

...but yeah, a ground source is more efficient than air source because the ground's temperature is usually closer to room temperature than the air's.
 
russ_watters said:
...but yeah, a ground source is more efficient than air source because the ground's temperature is usually closer to room temperature than the air's.

Total efficiency is a consideration, but my main interest is in peak power usage.

(As another example, tankless water heaters are , generally speaking, more efficient that conventional water heaters. But the peak power usage of a tankless heater may be too much for a home with 100 Amp service when other appliances are in use - even though the peak power usage is brief.)
 
Stephen Tashi said:
Total efficiency is a consideration, but my main interest is in peak power usage.
Peak power demand is lower for ground source. Peak power demand happens when the difference between the heat sink and room temperature is largest. E.G, when it is hot outside. In cooling mode, the ground source should be much more efficient than the air source at peak.
 
Stephen Tashi said:
"100 Amp service"
I have 80 amp per single phase, with 230V, so I can get 18.4 kW.
It is hard to know the maximum energy flow = power, without voltage. What is your voltage?

P.S. I believe your "Amp" should be ampere, amp or A, because Ampere was a person.
 

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