Pump Definition and 56 Discussions

A pump is a device that moves fluids (liquids or gases), or sometimes slurries, by mechanical action, typically converted from electrical energy into hydraulic energy. Pumps can be classified into three major groups according to the method they use to move the fluid: direct lift, displacement, and gravity pumps.Pumps operate by some mechanism (typically reciprocating or rotary), and consume energy to perform mechanical work moving the fluid. Pumps operate via many energy sources, including manual operation, electricity, engines, or wind power, and come in many sizes, from microscopic for use in medical applications, to large industrial pumps.
Mechanical pumps serve in a wide range of applications such as pumping water from wells, aquarium filtering, pond filtering and aeration, in the car industry for water-cooling and fuel injection, in the energy industry for pumping oil and natural gas or for operating cooling towers and other components of heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. In the medical industry, pumps are used for biochemical processes in developing and manufacturing medicine, and as artificial replacements for body parts, in particular the artificial heart and penile prosthesis.
When a casing contains only one revolving impeller, it is called a single-stage pump. When a casing contains two or more revolving impellers, it is called a double- or multi-stage pump.
In biology, many different types of chemical and biomechanical pumps have evolved; biomimicry is sometimes used in developing new types of mechanical pumps.

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Recent contents
  1. C

    Determine pump spec necessary to overcome leak

    A vacuum pump is mounted at ground level. The pump is connected to a tree of overhead pipework at a height of 20ft, connected to the pipework are 12 hose reels that can be attached to oil drain tanks. The client requests that the pump be sized so that sufficient vacuum can be achieved to suck...
  2. Al-Layth

    Mechanism Ideas for: Rotary Action-input Pump?

    I'm trying to come up with a design for a handheld pump that will be used to suck diesel from a car's fuel tank. There's definitely going to be a pipe dipping into the fuel tank, and there's definitely going to be a human manually operating the pump. I'm trying to think of a mechanism that...
  3. T

    Positive displacement pump for spray nozzles

    Hi all, I have a positive displacement (diaphragm) pump that I am looking to use to supply spray nozzles. The pump has a max pressure rating of 69 bar at 30.6 L/min (1450 rpm). I however want my nozzles to spray at 15 bar pressure and from the nozzle performance data sheet that equates to 0.68...
  4. M

    How to determine the power of a rotary lobe pump?

    Want to know how to get the actual power the pump needs. I can measure the flow rate by the flow meter and count the revolutions of the pump. But selecting the proper motor for the pump would be a problem. So I want to know how to determine the power of the rotary lobe pump and generate the...
  5. C

    Calculating the force from a pump + nozzle system

    I am attempting to calculate the force (in KgF) of a water pump + nozzle system. I have the pump curve (head vs. flow rate) for the pump, the diameter of the connection hose (2 inches) and the nozzle diameter (1 inch). The connection hose between the pump and nozzle is very short (approx 10 cm)...
  6. billy k

    Impeller analysis help

    Hello there, I am trying to analyze an impeller i found at home (small one) so i can find the torque-speed graph. The thing is that i get stuck in an equation with 3 unknowns instead of 2 and i don't know what else to assume. My approach is as follows: I take the usual equation: ## M = \dot{m} (...
  7. R

    Would a longer lever require less force to hand pump water? (PHOTO)

    I think that it would take less force to pump water based on the lever principle. But I'm not so sure! Here's a drawn photo.
  8. R

    Will the friction of water pumped into a smaller tube from large well be significant?

    This is a deep well & the dimensions of the bottom chamber is 5x1x5ft which holds 187 gallons. The pump is located in this chamber with a piston/plunger only going up to the top of this chamber at 5ft. The pump pushes 187 gallons into a 6inch diameter pipe which is 1000ft long = 1,470 gallons...
  9. ju456one

    Hemisphere pump problem

    <Moderator's note: Moved from a technical forum and thus no template.> > The tank (hemisphere) is full of water. Using the fact that the weight of water is 62.4 lb/ft3, find the work required to pump the water out of the outlet. The radius of the hemisphere is 10. ##V =\pi x^2 h## using the...
  10. A

    A fascinating fault with my automatic soap dispenser

    I have a Dettol automatic soap dispenser (see fig. 1) which uses a little propellor-type pump to let out a small amount of soap when you put your hand in front of the passive IR sensor. It's been working fine until just before, when I turned the lights off in the kitchen (night time, so...
  11. M

    What is making this sound? (in a Rotary lobe pump)

    What is the reason making this sound?? ( Rotary lobe pump)
  12. M

    How to know the Net Inlet Pressure Required by the pump?

    Net Inlet Pressure Required (NIPR) is an individual pump characteristic, determined by test, of what pressure energy is needed to fill the pump inlet. How to generate the curve of NIPR or how to know NIPR of the pump if I am a pump manufacturer??
  13. A

    I Cavitation in a closed loop pumping system

    Dears Kindly, I want to hear from you regarding this topic. The system is closed cooling system. I believe it is difficult to attribute the sound you hear from centrifugal pump to be a cavitation especially if the discharge pressure is normal. The last time we had a problem with this system...
  14. H

    Branched-line pumping system curve help!

    Hi all, I am a student trying to figure out the system curve for a pipe line system. I know how to calculate friction loss for just one flow, but not for a system of branched flow! I read a short article online saying that for parallel pipes the friction head is the same for all branches, so...
  15. O

    I Modeling a peristaltic roller pump

    Hello! We were recently introduced to mathematical modeling. I would want to model a blood roller pump - a simple peristaltic pump. I was wondering, what kind of formulas there are that I can use to model a pump which optimizes the number of rollers, roller diameter, tube diameter etc...
  16. T

    Bernoulli Equation Question

    Here is an illustration of something that came into my head: http://imgur.com/a/V9V8S (also attached to question) If we do a energy balance (in terms of head) between point 1 and point 2 (ignoring friction for now, it's not really important): $$\frac{P_1}{\rho g} + \frac{v^2_1}{2g} + z_1 +...
    • Tom Hardy
    • Thread
    • hydraulic mechancal engineering pump
    • Replies: 18
    • Forum: Mechanics
  17. O

    Power drawn by a water pump to project water through nozzle

    Homework Statement [/B] This is problem 10.27 in the Exercises for the Feynman Lectures on Physics, or Problem C-2 in Chapter 10 of Leighton and Vogt's Exercises in Introductory Physics. Homework Equations Using ##v_f^2 = v_i^2 + 2 a S## for the water in the vertical direction, we can find...
  18. Glurth

    Odd troubleshooting results: disobeys ohms law

    I have a DC powered pump, that has suddenly stopped working. During troubleshooting I came up with the following results, that I just cannot reconcile: Input wires, not connected to pump: 12v Input wires connected to pump: 0v Sounds like a short in the pump right? However, connecting the...
  19. S

    Pump used to halve the time taken by fluid to flow out

    Homework Statement The tank in picture has section ##S_1## and it's linked with a tube of section ##S_2=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}} S_1##. The tank is filled at an height ##h## and this level is kept constant by a sink ##R##, in such way that the exiting volumetric flow rate is ##Q=0.3 m^3/s## and...
  20. S

    Use of Bernoulli equation for pumps

    I have a doubt on the use of Bernoulli equation for pumps. Consider the situation in the picture. I marked different points: ##1## on the surface of first tank, ##2## in the exit from first tank, ##3## just before the pump, ##4## just after the pump and ##5## entering the second tank. Now...
    • Soren4
    • Thread
    • bernoulli bernoulli equation pressure pump velocity
    • Replies: 13
    • Forum: Mechanics
  21. T

    Running a pump

    So I am try to run this 12V 30 pis pump and it says to run it at 2.2 amps @ 30 psi. When I supply the pump with 12V I get a reading of 1.4 Amps so I don't really know what it means by the 2.2 Amps and the @ 30 psi means. Can anyone tell me what this means? Thanks
  22. S

    Calculating flow rate through turbine

    Hi guys, First post on this forum. Greetings from the Netherlands :) I am currently in the process of designing a turbine used in locks in several canals. The turbine is powered when the lock chamber is being emptyed during the lockage. The goal is to calculate the water level in the lock...
  23. AdamM

    Help with water pump calculations

    So i have this Diesel Water pump, i need to achive a pressure of 4 bars at the end of the hose, How to calculate the pressure in inlet to achieve the desired result of 4 bars at outlet. (Assuming that I'm using a standard hose of length 30metres, with a diameter of 2.5 inches) Pump FLOW RATE IS...
  24. S

    Problem about Hagen-Poiseuille law and pump

    Homework Statement A tank contains an incompressible liquid of density ##\rho = 1. 4\cdot10^{3}kg / m^3 ## and viscosity ##\eta=1. 4\cdot10^{-3} Pa\cdot s##. The tank is open at the summit and the level of the liquid is kept constant through a sink. At the base of the tank there is a circular...
  25. Ravi Singh choudhary

    How to lift water up to 5 metres without using a pump?

    I was asked how you can lift the water up to 5 meter but you are not allowed to use any kind of pump. What I thought; seal the container from where water is being lifted. Connect it with a pressure vessel at some height which is containing steam and water with valve in between them. By default...
  26. E

    Calculating pump head required

    Homework Statement I need to calculate the pump head required for a fluid transfer system. The pump is located 3m above a storage vessel vented to atmosphere (1 bar) with a total pipe length of 5m to pump suction. The pump discharge is connected to a pressurised vessel at 2 bar absolute with...
  27. Thom_Silva

    Water Well Pressure

    Imagine there is a water well underground. The pressure at the surface of the water will be the atmospheric pressure+ the pressure due to the weight of the rock. If i drill a hole i assume the pressure differential will push the water up the hole. Is the mass of water displaced equal to the...
  28. G

    Vapor/bubbles after pump

    Hi everyone, Got a question I'm trying to solve here. It is for an experiment I'm running at achool. I got a pipe system with a centrifugal pump. There is cavitation in front of the pump due to the pressure falling below the water Vapor pressure. When the water flow enters to the...
  29. Mingsliced

    Fluid Mechanics - Head Loss Due to Friction

    Homework Statement This is simply a sanity check concerning the system described and attached. My concerns are detailed within my attempts at the solution. Any guidance will be greatly appreciated! The diagram attached represents a process for which a pump and associated pipe work require to...
  30. M

    I Thermal radiation and light pump

    Hello, I read a lot at this forum about thermal radiation but still i have questions. Consider black body at some temperature T. It means that inside that body we activate many modes of quantum oscillators with some probability(Bose-Einstein) depend on temperature T. Now let's have some bulk...
  31. C

    How can I recreate this pressure boiling experiment

    Hi all, I was just wondering how I could recreate this at home What parts do I need? Thanks, Harry
    • cazzuey
    • Thread
    • evaporation pump vacuum pressure
    • Replies: 10
    • Forum: Chemistry
  32. RTE

    Increase a gas engine's RPM to drive a water pump

    Hello all, This is my first post, but I'm no stranger to skimming the boards. Always can find helpful stuff, but I'm stumped on this one. The situation is we have a Kohler 17 hp electric start gas engine horizontal shaft that max's out at 3600rpm. We are attaching a self-priming water transfer...
  33. I

    Basic hydraulic pump work-energy relationship

    I have a very simple question that's been driving me nuts. It's biology context, but probably all the physics equates to normal positive displacement pumps. The pressure in and volume of the left ventricle of the heart can be measured experimentally. (For example...
  34. David Gin

    Determing flow of a closed loop parallel pumping system

    Hi all, How would one go about determining the flow(GPM) of a closed loop parallel piping system. I believe this has to do with the pressure intake and outlet of the pump as I have a pump in the mentioned system rated at 4350GPM@50Hz but it is pumping at 4500 GPM at 37Hz, Thank you all for...
  35. D

    How do fuel pumps operate?

    I am not talking about the mechanics of them, I am talking about what factors influence how much fuel they pump in a given system(EFI return style) at a given time. What do numbers such as maximum pressure and free flow rate mean? Can you have a pump that is too powerful for a system like say...
  36. A

    Work done by a pump

    Homework Statement Water is pumped steadily out of a flooded basement at 5.0 m/s through a hose of radius 1.0 cm, passing through a window 3.0 m above the waterline.What is the pump’s power? Homework Equations Volume and mass flow rates are constant R_v = Av; \quad M_v = \rho A v...
  37. Shadow-Shocker

    Electrical DIY mini water pump

    I am building a mini water pump out of a 3L plastic container, a 6V mini motor, 12 inch straws, a cut up CD for a cover (in the pic it is what is between the fan and straw), and bits of a soda can to make up a fan for the motor. Problem is when I tested the product, not enough water/air is...
  38. Z

    Pump Shaft Torque calculation

    Attempting to determine the torque on the shaft of a pump. Known values are flow rate, RPM, and shaft diameter. 1. What other values are needed to make the calculation? 2. What is the equation I can use for this?
  39. 6

    What's this thing on my electric motor?

    Just got this beautiful old pump from a fleamarket. Does anybody know what the tube shaped thing connected to the motor with a cable is? It goes into some box on the side of the motor. The close up shows the only inscription on it.
  40. C

    Determine conditions of water tank and pump

    1. The problem statement, all variables and given/know In rural communities where landowners have their own water wells, large tanks are used to store water, which is pressurized by a sealed “air cushion”. Water is pumped intermittently from the well to restore the tank supply when the level is...
  41. Pumpquestions

    Will this pump work for my artificial irrigation system?

    Hi all, I am designing an artificial rain system and was thinking about using http://www.dannermfg.com/Store/Products/Danner/PID-02720.aspx to power it. The goal of the system is to deliver roughly 1 gallon of water per hour to each of the 8 exit points (I will measure this by using a bucket...
    • Pumpquestions
    • Thread
    • engineering hydrodynamics irrigation phyiscs pressure bernoulli fluids pressure distribution pressure drop pump water flow
    • Replies: 10
    • Forum: Mechanical Engineering
  42. S

    Use centrifugal pump as air pump?

    I need to deliver air up to 5 meters high. I am thinking of using pump since I can find easily (no buying anything). Is it possible to deliver air using hydraulic centrifugal pump ?
  43. Y

    Design of an 'open' venturi water pump

    Hello For my study I'm making a specific design I'm trying to design a ballast chamber which i want to empty with a venturi pump I attached a schematic image of the idea Through pipe A a liquid is pumped with around 150m3/h through a 6'' pipe. The pipe is narrowed at the end, with a space...
  44. S

    Overexertion of pump impeller?

    Does diameter reduction on the pressure side shortly after the pump induces overexertion of the impeller? This is the setup: suction line: 8" - length: 20' ; high pressure centrifugal pump powered by a engine at approx. 2000 rpm ; pressure line: 6" at a length of 18" directly followed by a...
  45. E

    (Extremely basic) centrifugal pump design

    Alright everyone, I know this is a huge question, but I've done enough homework to at least have informed ignorance on the subject. I posted a similar topic here, but that question was more conceptual and this definitely is much more of an applied use question. (Edit: I realize that the above...
  46. J

    24VDC 0,570 Amp pump controller

    Hi, So let's start with this, I don't have a lot of electronics circuits background and not really an idea on how to build an electronic circuit. Ok, now the problem, at my job I am in need of controlling a 24VDC 0,570 Amp pump with a pot, preferably one with a "preset" in it so that the...
  47. S

    High Vacuum Piping Help

    Hello all, I have a Varian M4 diffusion pump that has a 6 inch diameter opening at the top, is it okay for me to connect that to a reduced size opening like just 2 or 3 inches diameter so that I can use a smaller valve? I am only trying to pump down a cubic foot or two sized chamber. I am...
  48. ecfedele

    Need some reference on centrifugal pump design

    Little bit of a disclaimer: if you take a look at my first (introductory) post, you'll see that I'm working towards aerospace engineering; therefore, this is leaning towards turbopump design, but for the time being I'll start out slow. Basically, I'd like it if anyone could help me get a sense...
  49. JP Beaulieu

    Venturi effect witout/with nozzle

    Hi, I am building a hose system with an automatic liquid dispenser using venturi effect. The 12v pump is taking water in a tank via a 3/4 pipe and has a capability of 2.9gpm at 50psi. The main system is built with 3/4 pipes and a 5/8 hose. The siphon pipe is 1/4 and I added a check valve...
  50. S

    Pressure Added to a Flow Loop by a Pump?

    Hi there, I have set up a flow loop for a uni experiment that will teach other students about the bernoulli equation. The loop will use a few working section that will increase and decrease pressure due to diameter, velocity and height changes. I first set-up my loop with the pump at the end...
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