MHB Pointwise convergence implies uniform convergence

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The theorem states that if a sequence of functions \( f_n \) converges pointwise to a function \( f \) on the interval [0,1] and the sequence is equicontinuous, then the convergence is uniform. The definitions of pointwise and uniform convergence, as well as equicontinuity, are provided for clarity. The proof involves constructing open sets \( U_k \) that cover [0,1] and using compactness to find a finite subcover, leading to the conclusion of uniform convergence. It is noted that the original poster misstated the definition of equicontinuity, confusing it with uniform equicontinuity. The discussion also suggests that Ascoli's theorem could be relevant for proving the statement.
Siron
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Hi,

I have to prove the following theorem:

Let $f_n:[0,1] \to \mathbb{R}, \forall n \geq 1$ and suppose that $\{f_n|n \in \mathbb{N}\}$ is equicontinuous. If $f_n \to f$ pointwise then $f_n \to f$ uniformly.

Before I start the proof I'll put the definitions here:
$f_n \to f$ pointwise if and only if $\forall \epsilon>0, \forall x \in X, \exists N \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $\forall n \geq N: |f_n(x)-f(x)|<\epsilon$
$f_n \to f$ uniformly if and only if $\forall \epsilon>0, \exists N \in \mathbb{N}, \forall x \in X: |f_n(x)-f(x)|<\epsilon$
$\{f_n|n \in \mathbb{N}\}$ equicontinuous if and only if $\forall \epsilon>0, \exists \delta>0, \forall n \in \mathbb{N}: |x-y|<\delta \Rightarrow |f_n(x)-f_n(y)|<\epsilon$
Attempt:
Let $\epsilon>0$ and define the sets $U_k=\{x \in [0,1]||f_n(x)-f(x)|<\epsilon, \forall n \geq k\}$ then I claim $U_k$ are open sets and hence because of the pointwise convergence of $f_n \to f$ they form an open covering for $[0,1]$. Since $[0,1]$ is compact there exists a finite subcover, that is, $\exists k_1,\ldots,k_n \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $[0,1] \subset \bigcup_{j=1}^{n} U_{k_j}$. We can assume that $k_1\leq k_2\leq \ldots \leq k_n$ and since $U_{k_j} \subseteq U_{k_1}, \forall j \geq 1$ I conclude $[0,1] \subseteq U_{k_1}$, i.e $\exists k_1 \in \mathbb{N}: \forall x \in X: |f_n(x)-f(x)|<\epsilon, \forall n \geq K$ which means $f_n \to f$ uniformly.

Is this proof correct? If yes, I'll show my proof for the claim: $U_k$ is open which follows by the equicontinuity.

Is there a way to show the statement by using Ascoli's theorem?Thanks in advance!
Cheers.
 
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From mathwonk:

This seems to be a standard application of ascoli's theorem, as explained in wikipedia.

one remark, the questioner had misstated the definition of equicontinuous, giving instead the definition of uniformly equicontinuous.
 
We all know the definition of n-dimensional topological manifold uses open sets and homeomorphisms onto the image as open set in ##\mathbb R^n##. It should be possible to reformulate the definition of n-dimensional topological manifold using closed sets on the manifold's topology and on ##\mathbb R^n## ? I'm positive for this. Perhaps the definition of smooth manifold would be problematic, though.

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