Polynomial sequence uniformly convergent on annulus

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around finding a polynomial sequence that converges uniformly to the function \(1/z\) on an annulus defined by \(1 < |z| < 2\), and subsequently for the function \(\sin(1/z^2\). The participants explore the properties of analytic functions and series expansions relevant to these functions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the potential use of Taylor and Laurent series for the functions in question, noting that \(1/z\) is analytic in the specified annulus. There is uncertainty about the convergence of the series for \(\sin(1/z^2)\) due to concerns about divergence.

Discussion Status

Some participants suggest that the Laurent series will converge uniformly in the annulus, while others question the applicability of Taylor series for the entire region due to singularities. There is an ongoing exploration of the relationship between the functions and their series representations.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the radius of convergence for power series is limited by the nearest singularity, which is relevant to the functions being discussed. The distinction between polynomials and rational functions in the context of series is also highlighted.

QuantumLuck
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Homework Statement


Can we find a sequence, say p_j(z) such that p_j ---> 1/z uniformly for z is an element of an annulus between 1 and 2, that is 1 < abs(z) < 2?

Then i am asked to do the same thing but for p_j ---> sin(1/z^2).

Homework Equations


Not too sure about this, maybe Taylor series/Laurent series expansions.

The Attempt at a Solution


So while I have no definite path yet set on proving this what I do have are a few thoughts. On this annulus 1/z is analytic because the point z = 0 is not contained. Also, we can write a Taylor/Laurent series expansion for 1/z.

However, I do not believe that we are able to do the same thing for the sin sequence because we end up with a larger numerator term which blows up and cause the series to diverge. However, against z = 0 is not contained here so maybe that is false? Am I thinking about this correctly or am I a fool?
 
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The Laurent-series will converge uniformly in both cases, because \{z,1\le|z|\le 2\} is compact. It will not be possible to find a taylor series that converges on the entire annulus, because the radius of convergence can only extend to the origin, where there is a singularity.
 
so as long as the function you are tying to converge to is defined over the entire annulus any sequence which approaches that function (the Laurent series of that function) will converge uniformly? and this is relevant to my question because i am seeking a polynomial sequence which is just the Laurent series right?

also: in an unrelated question; what do you mean the radius of converge can extend only to the origin?
 
QuantumLuck said:
so as long as the function you are tying to converge to is defined over the entire annulus any sequence which approaches that function (the Laurent series of that function) will converge uniformly?

This is certainly true for the Laurent series, but not for all series I think.

and this is relevant to my question because i am seeking a polynomial sequence which is just the Laurent series right?

The terms of the Laurent series are polynomials in z, z^-1, so they are not "polynomials" in the usual sense, but rational functions.
If you are looking for a series of polynomials (only in z), then the only candidate is the Taylor series, which can't converge on the entire annulus, see below.

also: in an unrelated question; what do you mean the radius of converge can extend only to the origin?

From http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius_of_convergence#Radii_of_convergence_in_complex_analysis":
The radius of convergence of a power series f centered on a point a is equal to the distance from a to the nearest point where f cannot be defined in a way that makes it holomorphic.

Where "the nearest point where f cannot be defined in a way that makes it holomorphic" is basically the nearest singularity. Both 1/z and sin(1/z^2) have one singularity at the origin.
 
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