Potential Energy Function and Force

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To find the force from the given potential energy function U = ax^3y + bx, the derivative must be taken with respect to x while treating y as a constant. The force in the x-direction is calculated as F(x) = dU/dx, resulting in F(x) = 3ayx^2 + b. For the specific point (x, y) = (93, 68), the values of a and b are applied to compute the magnitude of the force. The confusion arises from handling the two variables, but differentiation should be done sequentially for each variable while treating the others as constants. This approach allows for the determination of the force at the specified coordinates.
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Homework Statement


A potential energy funtion for a two dimensional force is of the form
U = ax^3y + bx
where a =10.51 J/m^4 and b = -8 J/m.
Find the magnitude of the force that acts at the point (x,y) for x =93, y =68


Homework Equations


F(x) = dU/dx


The Attempt at a Solution


Given the PE function, I know that I have to take the derivative to find Force but I am confused as to how to do this with it being in 2-d. There are two variables, x and y. Help please.
 
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if

U = ax^3y + bx

then you want to differentiate this with respect to x and then y, you just when you differentiate with respect to x treat ALL the others as constants. And the same way with the y.

\dfrac{dU}{dx} = 3ayx^{3y-1} + b

now you try
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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