Prove uniqueness of solution to a simple equation

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SUMMARY

The equation ex = 1 + x has a unique solution at x0 = 0. This conclusion is established through the application of monotonicity and the properties of the functions involved. The function ex is strictly increasing and concave up, while the line 1 + x is tangent to ex at the point (0, 1). The Mean Value Theorem confirms that if there were another intersection, it would contradict the properties of the derivatives of ex.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of exponential functions, specifically ex.
  • Familiarity with the concept of monotonicity in functions.
  • Knowledge of the Mean Value Theorem in calculus.
  • Basic understanding of concavity and inflection points.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of exponential functions, focusing on ex.
  • Review the Mean Value Theorem and its applications in proving uniqueness of solutions.
  • Explore the concept of concavity and how it relates to function behavior.
  • Investigate monotonic functions and their significance in calculus.
USEFUL FOR

Students studying calculus, particularly those focusing on the properties of functions and theorems related to uniqueness of solutions in equations.

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Homework Statement



Prove that the equation [tex]e^x = 1+x[/tex] admits the unique solution [tex]x_0 = 0[/tex].

2. The attempt at a solution

I think there should be a very simple proof based on monotonicity or the absence of inflection points, etc.

But I have no idea how to do it, and what theorems are to be used. All I can say from the equation, is that if there are solutions, they certainly satisfy

[tex]x>-1[/tex]

I'm actually a little ashamed that I can't do this, most likely, trivial problem, maybe somebody can show me the right path?
 
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1+x is the tangent line to e^x at x=0 and e^x is concave up. Or note that if 1+x intersected e^x at another point then the Mean Value Theorem would say there is a point in between where the derivative of e^x is 1.
 

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