Are E and B Always Orthogonal in Electromagnetic Waves?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the orthogonality of electric field (E) and magnetic field (B) vectors in electromagnetic waves. It is established that while E and B are orthogonal in specific scenarios, such as vacuum radiation fields described by Maxwell's equations, this is not universally true. The participants clarify that E . B = 0 is a condition for light, but E and B do not have to be orthogonal in all cases. Therefore, the orthogonality of E and B is contingent upon the specific solutions to Maxwell's equations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Maxwell's equations
  • Familiarity with electromagnetic wave theory
  • Knowledge of vector calculus, specifically the cross product
  • Basic concepts of light propagation in vacuum
NEXT STEPS
  • Study Maxwell's equations in detail, focusing on their implications for electromagnetic waves
  • Explore vacuum plane wave solutions to Maxwell's equations
  • Investigate the conditions under which E and B are orthogonal
  • Learn about the physical significance of E . B = 0 in the context of light
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Physicists, electrical engineers, and students studying electromagnetism who seek a deeper understanding of the relationship between electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves.

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Homework Statement



E . B =0

Homework Equations



∇xE=B

The Attempt at a Solution



I know AxB=C implies both A and B are orthogonal to C but does the same thing ring true for the Del cross something? In any case, is there a nice simple proof for the problem stated? This is not HW by the way but seems to be a bit homeworish
 
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You're going to have to be way more detailed. I'm assuming E and B are the electric and magnetic field respectively. If so, then in general they are not orthogonal. For special solutions to Maxwell's equations they can be orthogonal, such as for vacuum radiation fields, but it is certainly not true in full generality.
 
WannabeNewton said:
You're going to have to be way more detailed. I'm assuming ##E## and ##B## are the electric and magnetic field respectively. If so, then in general they are not orthogonal. For special solutions to Maxwell's equations they can be orthogonal, such as for vacuum radiation fields, but it is certainly not true in full generality.

ah, for it to be light must they be orthogonal?
 
Have you seen vacuum plane wave solutions to Maxwell's equations before?
 
WannabeNewton said:
Have you seen vacuum plane wave solutions to Maxwell's equations before?

yes it says this must be the case. For light. I guess this means E.B=0 for light but it is not necessary for them to be orthogonal, but this does not mean it is light if the first condition is not met?
 

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