RC Circuits charging/discharging

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on analyzing the charging and discharging behavior of RC circuits, specifically when a switch is toggled between two positions. The equations governing the charging process are given as q = Q_f - Q_f * e^-t/RC, while the discharging process is described by q = Q_o * e^-t/RC. Participants clarify the initial conditions of the capacitor, noting that it starts uncharged, and discuss the implications of circuit configurations on the resulting current (I_r) and charge (Q_c) graphs. Key questions include determining the maximum values for I_r and Q_c, and interpreting the role of multiple switches in the circuit.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of RC circuit theory
  • Familiarity with exponential decay functions
  • Knowledge of capacitor charging and discharging equations
  • Ability to plot graphs with labeled axes
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the impact of different resistor and capacitor values on time constants in RC circuits
  • Learn how to derive and interpret the time constant (τ = RC) in practical applications
  • Explore the effects of multiple switches on circuit behavior and analysis
  • Investigate real-world applications of RC circuits in timing and filtering
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineering students, educators teaching circuit analysis, and hobbyists working with RC circuits who seek to deepen their understanding of capacitor behavior during charging and discharging processes.

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Homework Statement



Plot I_r vs. time and Q_c vs. time starting from when the switch is moved from its lower position to its upper position. Label both axes with numbers and units. Show three time constants. Assume that the capacitor is initially uncharged. After the circuit reaches its final state the switch is moved to its lower position. Plot both I_r and Q_c vs. time starting from when the switch is first closed to it lower position. Again show numbers, units, etc. How long will it take for the capacitor to be 50% discharged? 90%?

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Homework Equations



Charging circuit ... q = Q_f - Q_f * e^-t/RC
Discharging Circuit q = Q_o * e^-t/RC

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm assuming that where the switches are drawn to be the "Lower position" so this is the moment right after the switch is flipped.

Since the question states the capacitor initially is uncharged, For all 4 circuits the graph of I_r and Q_c vs time would look like

I_r - starts at the max value and exponentially decays
Q_c - starts at 0 and exponentially grows

Right? Because the capacitor has to charge before this whole process gets to its "final state" and begins to discharge...or am I off here?
 
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You've described the charging cycle but not the discharging cycle.

What are the actual numbers for I_r max and Q_c max?
 
Circuit 4 has two switches, is it to be included in this question? If so, how to interpret the instructions?

In circuits 1 and 2 I can see how the capacitors can be initially uncharged if the switch has been in the lower position for some time before being moved to the upper position. In circuit 3, however, the lower position would close the switch and charge the capacitor. So the assumption of an uncharged capacitor for the switch in the lower position appears to be incorrect. Is the problem statement exactly as it was given to you?
 

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