Yes and no.
You can not normally publish the SAME paper in two different places (there are some rare exceptions).
However, it is perfectly normal to publish papers based on the same results in several places. What normally happens is that you publish a paper in a journal, and then you might present those results at conferences write one or more papers for conference proceedings.
There are several reasons for doing this. One is that it often takes a very long time for proceedings to be published, another is that few people actually read proceedings meaning they gave very low impact.
The "trick" here is to find a new angle or a new focus for each paper and you might e.g. show data that was not in the journal article, but was acquired at the same time.