Relativity in 2 spatial dimensions

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Discussion Overview

The discussion explores whether the equations and postulates of general relativity (GR) apply in a universe with two spatial dimensions and one time dimension, examining theoretical implications and models related to this lower-dimensional spacetime.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions if all equations and postulates of GR are applicable in a 2D spatial universe.
  • Another participant suggests that "toy models" of GR could be developed for lower-dimensional spacetime, noting that this reduces the number of independent components of the curvature tensor.
  • A participant raises the idea that if matter is also 2D in a 2D spatial universe, the tensor might be the same, questioning the applicability of 3D equations to this scenario.
  • A later reply discusses the limitations of curvature in 2D, indicating that spacetime curvature cannot exist at finite distances from a massive object, while mentioning the concept of point particles and their geometric properties.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the applicability of GR in lower dimensions, with some proposing models and others highlighting limitations, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on the dimensionality of spacetime and the implications for curvature and matter representation in 2D, which are not fully explored or agreed upon.

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do all of the equations and postulates of the general theory of relativity apply in a universe with only 2 spatial and one time instead of 3 spatial and one time.
 
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One could try to play with "toy models" of GR with lower spacetime dimensionality.
However, the lower dimensionality severely reduces the number of independent components of the curvature tensor.
 
will if there is only 2 spatial dimensions than all the matter warping space will also be 2 dimensions so would the tensor be the same and all of the equations applying to 3d matter in 3d space be the same.
 
Here's a pretty detailed discussion of the analogue of GR in a universe with 2 spatial dimensions:

http://gregegan.customer.netspace.net.au/SCIENCE/GR2plus1/GR2plus1.html

Basically, it seems you can't actually have spacetime curvature at any finite distance from a massive object in 2D, although you can have point particles which have the property that when you travel around them the angle is less than 360, like traveling around the tip of a cone (which is also a surface that's flat everywhere in differential geometry terms, since you can 'unroll' it into a flat surface with a pie-shaped wedge cut out, see http://www.allendesigns.com/AreaofCone/AreaofCone.htm ). There's a somewhat less technical discussion here:

http://www.theory.caltech.edu/people/patricia/ttif.html

(see especially the section on 'What is the spacetime geometry?')
 
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