Resultant force in vertical circular motion

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the nature of resultant forces in vertical circular motion, particularly in the context of varying speeds due to gravitational effects. Participants explore the differences between general circular motion and uniform circular motion, questioning the conditions under which the resultant force points towards the center of the circular path.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that the resultant force in circular motion points to the center only when the motion is at a constant speed, highlighting that in vertical circular motion, speed varies due to gravity.
  • Others clarify that the component of force perpendicular to the direction of motion affects only the direction, while the parallel component influences speed.
  • A participant expresses confusion about the implications of these principles in the context of vertical circular motion.
  • One participant appreciates an animation related to the topic, indicating a visual aid was helpful in understanding the concepts discussed.
  • A link to external content is provided to further elaborate on the concepts of tangential and centripetal acceleration.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the distinction between uniform circular motion and non-uniform circular motion, but there remains some uncertainty regarding the implications of these distinctions on the resultant force in vertical circular motion.

Contextual Notes

Participants do not fully resolve the implications of varying speed on the resultant force, and there are assumptions about the definitions of circular motion that remain unexamined.

Goliatbagge
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Suppose we have a vertical circular motion with gravity according to the image below.

1.png


In the leftmost and rightmost positions the resultant force is pointing diagonally down. Isn't the resultant force supposed to be pointing at the center at all times in a circular motion? What am I getting wrong?
 
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Goliatbagge said:
Suppose we have a vertical circular motion with gravity according to the image below.

View attachment 293265

In the leftmost and rightmost positions the resultant force is pointing diagonally down. Isn't the resultant force supposed to be pointing at the center at all times in a circular motion? What am I getting wrong?
There's a difference between circular motion in this case and uniform circular motion (i.e. at constant speed).
 
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PeroK said:
There's a difference between circular motion in this case and uniform circular motion (i.e. at constant speed).
Ok, so let me get this straight. The resultant force in a circular motion is always pointing to the center if, and only if, the motion is at a constant speed. For example, if we are spinning a weight attached in a string vertically in a gravity field it will NOT have constant speed and therefore the rule does not apply.

Is this correct?
 
Goliatbagge said:
Ok, so let me get this straight. The resultant force in a circular motion is always pointing to the center if, and only if, the motion is at a constant speed. For example, if we are spinning a weight attached in a string vertically in a gravity field it will NOT have constant speed and therefore the rule does not apply.

Is this correct?
Yes. In general (this applies to any motion, in fact), the component of the force perpendicular to the instantaneous direction of motion changes only the direction (not the speed) and the component parallel to the direction of motion changes the speed.
 
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coasterH=3.5r.gif
 
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Love this animation! Thank you!
 
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Goliatbagge said:
Ok, so let me get this straight. The resultant force in a circular motion is always pointing to the center if, and only if, the motion is at a constant speed. For example, if we are spinning a weight attached in a string vertically in a gravity field it will NOT have constant speed and therefore the rule does not apply.

Is this correct?
Yes, see also:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceleration#Tangential_and_centripetal_acceleration
 

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