Solving for Acceleration and Friction in Rolling Motion

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The discussion focuses on analyzing the motion of a solid sphere being pushed by a plank, emphasizing the need to determine the accelerations of both the sphere's center of mass and the plank relative to the ground, as well as the frictional forces at their contact points. It suggests treating the problem similarly to a pulley system, where the bottom surface acts like a fixed string and the top surface is an accelerated string. Participants are encouraged to apply Newton's second law to derive three equations: two for translational motion and one for rotational motion. A key point raised is the relationship between the accelerations of the plank and the sphere. The analysis aims to clarify the dynamics of rolling motion without the influence of gravity.
iitjee10
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Here's the question:

A solid sphere of mass M is being pushed by a plank of mass m along the top of the rim.
Assuming pure rolling at all points of contact, find:
(i) the accelerations of the centre of mass sphere and the plank w.r.t. ground.
(ii) frictional forces operating at both the contacts.
 

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It might help to think of this similar to a pulley problem. The surface on the bottom is the equivalent of a fixed string, the surface on the top is equivalent to a string being accelerated. In this case, there's no gravity, just inertia of the sphere keeping the string taught.
 
iitjee10 said:
Here's the question:

A solid sphere of mass M is being pushed by a plank of mass m along the top of the rim.
Assuming pure rolling at all points of contact, find:
(i) the accelerations of the centre of mass sphere and the plank w.r.t. ground.
(ii) frictional forces operating at both the contacts.
Attack this in the usual manner. Analyze the forces acting on plank and sphere and apply Newton's 2nd law to each. You'll end up with three equations (two for translational motion; one for rotation).

Hint: How is the acceleration of the plank related to the acceleration of the sphere?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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