Separation of Fluids in a Centrifuge

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the behavior of fluids in a centrifuge, specifically how density affects their separation. Denser fluids move outward to the edge of the centrifuge while less dense fluids remain toward the center due to the stronger centrifugal forces acting on them, as described by the equation F=m(w²r). This phenomenon mirrors gravitational separation, where denser materials sink in a gravitational field. The ultracentrifuge enhances this effect, allowing for rapid separation based on density differences.

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  • Understanding of fluid dynamics and density concepts
  • Familiarity with centrifugal force and its mathematical representation
  • Basic knowledge of ultracentrifuge operation and applications
  • Concept of gravitational separation in physics
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Lukeblackhill
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Morning Mates,

I have a question based in a statement take from Berkeley Physics Course, Vol.1 - Mechanics, pg. 102-103, where it reads,

"Suspended molecules whose density (mass/volume) is different from that of the surrounding liquid will experience in the ultracentrifuge cell a strong force tending to separate them from the fluid. If their density is the same as the liquid, there is no separation effect. If their density is less than that of the liquid, the differential force is inward".

My question is quite simple actually: when two or more fluids are together, why denser fluids go to the edge and less dense fluids go to the middle?

P.S. From the things I read, I think it is because considering m=d.v, denser fluids will experience bigger centrifugal forces, if we consider the relation F=m(w²r).


Thank you!
Cheers,
Luke.
 
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Lukeblackhill said:
My question is quite simple actually: when two or more fluids are together, why denser fluids go to the edge and less dense fluids go to the middle?
For the same reason denser parts sink to the bottom in a gravitational field. The centrifuge is just magnifying that effect, so it happens faster.
 
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