Series Solution to Differential Equation

Click For Summary

Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around solving the differential equation y''+(1-t) y' + y= sin(2t) using a series solution approach. Participants explore the implications of this method and the nature of the series expansions involved.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to derive a power series solution and expresses uncertainty about the next steps. Some participants question the utility of the series approach, noting potential complications in finding "nice" solutions. Others point out a mistake in the series representation of sin(2t) and emphasize the need to consider both even and odd powers of t in the equations.

Discussion Status

Participants are actively engaging with the problem, raising questions about the series method and its effectiveness. There is acknowledgment of errors in the original formulation, and some suggest alternative approaches, such as using Fourier transforms or considering the mixing of coefficients in the power series.

Contextual Notes

There is a mention of starting values being necessary for determining coefficients in the series solution. The discussion also highlights the complexity of the equations due to the mixing of even and odd coefficients, which may affect the approach taken.

ChrisVer
Science Advisor
Messages
3,372
Reaction score
465
I have to solve the differential equation
[itex]y''+(1-t) y' + y= sin(2t)[/itex]

can someone judge this?
How could I continue it?

[itex]y=\sum_{n=0}^{∞}{a_{n} t^{n}}[/itex]

[itex]y'=\sum_{n=1}^{∞}{a_{n} n t^{n-1}}[/itex]

[itex]y''=\sum_{n=2}^{∞}{a_{n} n(n-1) t^{n-2}}[/itex]

[itex]sin(2t)=\sum_{n=0}^{∞}{\frac{2^{2n}}{2n!} t^{2n}}[/itex][itex]y''+(1-t) y' + y= sin(2t)[/itex]
[itex]\sum_{n=2}^{∞}{a_{n} n(n-1) t^{n-2}}+\sum_{n=1}^{∞}{a_{n} n (1-t)t^{n-1}}+\sum_{n=0}^{∞}{a_{n} t^{n}}=\sum_{n=0}^{∞}{\frac{2^{2n}}{2n!} t^{2n}}[/itex]

[itex]\sum_{n=2}^{∞}{a_{n} n(n-1) t^{n-2}}+\sum_{n=1}^{∞}{a_{n} n t^{n-1}}-\sum_{n=1}^{∞}{a_{n} n t^{n}}+\sum_{n=0}^{∞}{a_{n} t^{n}}=\sum_{n=0}^{∞}{\frac{2^{2n}}{2n!} t^{2n}}[/itex]

[itex]\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{a_{k+2} (k+2)(k+1) t^{k}}+\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{a_{k+1} (k+1) t^{k}}-\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{a_{k} k t^{k}}+\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{a_{k} t^{k}}=\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{\frac{2^{2k}}{2k!} t^{2k}}[/itex]

[itex]\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{(a_{k+2} (k+2)(k+1)+a_{k+1} (k+1) -a_{k} k + a_{k}) t^{k}}=\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{\frac{2^{2k}}{2k!} t^{2k}}[/itex]

[itex]\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{(a_{k+2} (k+2)(k+1)+a_{k+1} (k+1)+ (1-k) a_{k}) t^{k}}=\sum_{k=0}^{∞}{\frac{2^{2k}}{2k!} t^{2k}}[/itex]

[itex]\sum_{m=0}^{∞}{(a_{2m+2} (2m+2)(2m+1)+a_{2m+1} (2m+1)+ (1-2m) a_{2m}) t^{2m}}=\sum_{m=0}^{∞}{\frac{2^{2m}}{2m!} t^{2m}}[/itex][itex]a_{2m+2} (2m+2)(2m+1)+a_{2m+1} (2m+1)+ (1-2m) a_{2m}=\frac{2^{2m}}{2m!}[/itex]
 
Last edited by a moderator:
Physics news on Phys.org
Are you sure such a series approach is useful?

This allows to find all coefficients if you know starting values, but finding "nice" solutions based on this can be messy.
Your series for the sin looks wrong - it has even powers of t instead of odd.
Don't forget that you have equations both for even and odd powers of t.
 
hahahaha yes, sorry about the sin, it was my mistake :p
As for the rest, I don't know, I've seen this procedure used in so many applications (from QM, to partial derivative problems eg in cylinder or spherical coords), so I thought of applying it... or maybe try the Fourier transform of [itex]y[/itex]?
yup I know, but because eg of the Fourier transform, I could kill the (corrected) even powers
 
The even powers will have =0 on the right-hand side, but this is still a non-trivial equality. The derivatives mix even and odd coefficients in those equations, you cannot use symmetry as argument to ignore them.

Power series * sin(2t) + Power series * cos(2t) could be an interesting approach. This could work with polynomials.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 14 ·
Replies
14
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
8
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
1K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
1K
Replies
7
Views
4K