A winner in Nikon’s annual Small World photography contest that I like:
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This is a bunch of fluorescently labeled cortical neurons. This labeling based on some cool molecular tricks produces many different colors,letting different neurons be distinguished color. Without the different coloring, these neurons would just make a big confusing tangle (visually speaking) of cells and processes and would be much less informative.
The clouds of neurons in large vertebrate nervous systems is a distinctive feature of large vertebrate nervous systems. Many invertebrate (and some vertebrate) nervous systems have way fewer neurons. Some (like crayfish) have one motor neuron (per motoneuron type (activator and inhibitor)) per muscle.
The large populations of largely equivalent neurons in large vertebrates nervous systems present different neuro-computational possibilities.