Show that the range of the 2 matrices are the same

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the proof that the range of two matrices, specifically the projection matrix P defined as ##P=A(A^*A)^{-1}A^*##, is the same as the range of matrix A. The user demonstrates that if ##y = Ax## for some vector x, then ##y = PAx = P(Ax)##, leading to the conclusion that y is in the range of P. However, the user questions the validity of their final expression, ##Py = PAx = P(Ax)##, indicating a misunderstanding in the application of the projection matrix. The key takeaway is the relationship between the range of A and the projection matrix P.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of linear algebra concepts, specifically matrix ranges.
  • Familiarity with the properties of the conjugate transpose, denoted as ##A^*##.
  • Knowledge of matrix inversion, particularly for the product ##A^*A##.
  • Experience with projection matrices and their applications in linear transformations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of projection matrices in linear algebra.
  • Learn about the implications of the rank-nullity theorem in relation to matrix ranges.
  • Explore the concept of orthogonal projections and their geometric interpretations.
  • Investigate the conditions under which the matrix ##A^*A## is invertible.
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Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those studying linear algebra, as well as anyone involved in fields requiring matrix analysis and transformations, such as engineering and computer science.

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Homework Statement


##P=A(A^*A)^{-1}A^*##
where A is a mxn real/complex matrix and ##A^*A## is invertible.
##A^*## means the conjugate transpose of A.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


Let y be in the range(A), such that
##y = Ax## for some ##x##.
We can see that ##PA = A(A^*A)^{-1}A^*A = A##
Then
##y = PAx = P(Ax)##
Does this expression above alone show that y is also in the range(P)?
 
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charlies1902 said:
Let y be in the range(A), such that
##y = Ax## for some ##x##.
We can see that ##PA = A(A^*A)^{-1}A^*A = A##
Then
##y = PAx = P(Ax)##
That last expression is not correct.
It should be ##Py = PAx = P(Ax)##.
 
andrewkirk said:
That last expression is not correct.
It should be ##Py = PAx = P(Ax)##.
But previous I had shown ##PA=A##
so ##y=Ax=PAx=P(Ax)##
Why is that not correct?
 

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