The discussion clarifies the differences between simple product and dot product, particularly in the context of complex numbers and vectors. The simple product is not applicable to vectors, while the dot product provides a specific way to multiply two vectors, resulting in a scalar. The formula for the dot product of two three-component vectors is given as the sum of the products of their corresponding components. Additionally, the cross product is mentioned as another vector multiplication method, which results in a vector rather than a scalar. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for proper application in mathematical contexts.