Solving a Trigonometric Integral

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion focuses on solving the integral ∫(sin(x) - sin²(x)/√(sin²(x) + c)) dx, where c is a constant. Participants suggest using substitution with u = sin(x) to transform the integral into ∫(u - u²/√(u² + c)) du and recommend integration by parts. However, the complexity of the primitive function is acknowledged, with one user suggesting an alternative approach by setting c = b² to simplify the expression. The discussion emphasizes the challenges of finding a straightforward solution to this trigonometric integral.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of trigonometric functions and their properties
  • Familiarity with integral calculus and techniques such as substitution
  • Knowledge of integration by parts
  • Basic understanding of limits and constants in calculus
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of substitution in integrals, specifically for trigonometric functions
  • Learn about integration by parts and its applications in solving complex integrals
  • Explore advanced techniques for finding primitives of complex functions
  • Investigate the implications of constants in integrals and their simplification
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Students of calculus, mathematicians, and anyone interested in solving complex trigonometric integrals will benefit from this discussion.

yanic
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Can anyone please help to solve this following integral?
∫(sin(x)-sin^2 (x)/√(sin^2 (x)+c)) dx
c is a constant
 
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Re: integral

pape said:
Can anyone please help to solve this following integral?
∫(sin(x)-sin^2 (x)/√(sin^2 (x)+c)) dx
c is a constant
Integral belongs to calculus...
is this what you want to integrate?
$$\int\frac{\sin(x)-\sin^2(x)}{\sqrt{\sin^2(x)}}+c$$

Regards,
$$|\pi\rangle$$
 
Re: integral

View attachment 1302
Please check the JPG file for the correct expression of
the function.

Best...
 

Attachments

  • forum.JPG
    forum.JPG
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Last edited:
Re: integral

pape said:
https://www.physicsforums.com/attachments/1302
Please check the JPG file for the correct expression of
the function.

Best...
"And what I have found so far is" What is "what you have found"? How did you get this line? What does it mean?

How does the derivative relate to the given problem?

Please be more specific.

-Dan
 
Re: integral

topsquark said:
"And what I have found so far is" What is "what you have found"? How did you get this line? What does it mean?

How does the derivative relate to the given problem?

Please be more specific.

-Dan

View attachment 1303

Please check the attached file.
I hope that I have been more specific this time.

Regards
 

Attachments

  • integral.JPG
    integral.JPG
    28.5 KB · Views: 117
Re: integral

You can start by substituting $u=\sin(x)$ to obtain
$$\int u-\frac{u^2}{\sqrt{u^2+c}}\, du$$
From there you can try integration by parts.
 
Re: integral

eddybob123 said:
You can start by substituting $u=\sin(x)$ to obtain
$$\int u-\frac{u^2}{\sqrt{u^2+c}}\, du$$
From there you can try integration by parts.
If $$u= \sin(x)$$ Then $$du=\cos(x)\,dx$$ which is not same as that function he wants to integrate?

Regards,
$$|\pi\rangle$$
 
Re: integral

eddybob123 said:
You can start by substituting $u=\sin(x)$ to obtain
$$\int u-\frac{u^2}{\sqrt{u^2+c}}\, du$$
From there you can try integration by parts.

Hello,
Integration by part leads to a more complicated expression at the end for the finding of the primitive.
Do you have any other suggestion please?

Regards
 
Re: integral

pape said:
Hello,
Integration by part leads to a more complicated expression at the end for the finding of the primitive.
Do you have any other suggestion please?

Regards

Unfortunately, that's because the primitive is quite complex...

Incidentally, if you apply Eddybob's method, but set $$c=b^2\,$$, so that $$b=\sqrt{c}\,$$, you can take the constant outside of the square root... ;)
 

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