Solving dy/dx=x-y | Learn how to integrate y without respect to anything

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on solving the differential equation dy/dx = x - y. The user initially attempts to integrate both sides but realizes the challenge of integrating y without a defined function. A key suggestion is to use the substitution u = x - y, which transforms the equation into a nonhomogeneous ordinary differential equation (ODE). The conversation emphasizes the importance of recognizing the structure of the ODE to find both homogeneous and particular solutions.

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  • Understanding of differential equations, specifically nonhomogeneous ODEs.
  • Familiarity with integration techniques and substitution methods.
  • Knowledge of homogeneous and particular solutions in ODEs.
  • Basic algebraic manipulation skills.
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  • Study the method of substitution for solving nonhomogeneous ODEs.
  • Learn about homogeneous and particular solutions in the context of differential equations.
  • Explore separable differential equations and their applications.
  • Practice integrating functions with respect to variables in differential equations.
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Students studying differential equations, mathematics educators, and anyone seeking to improve their problem-solving skills in calculus and ODEs.

computerex
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Homework Statement



\int (x-y)

What is \int y ? I don't mean \int y dy.

The Attempt at a Solution



dy/dx = x-y
y + dy = x dx
\int y + \int dy = \int x dx
\int y + y = x^2/2 + c

I am stuck at this point because I don't know how to integrate y without respect to anything...If that even makes sense.

EDIT:

Nvm...I am stupid xD

\int x dx - \int y dx
 
Last edited:
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computerex said:
EDIT:

Nvm...I am stupid xD

\int x dx - \int y dx

That still doesn't help you though. How exactly do you plan on integrating \int y(x) dx when you don't know what y(x) is?

You can't solve this differential equation just by integrating both sides. Instead, try using the substitution u=x-y to rewrite the DE in terms of u(x) and u'(x).
 
gabbagabbahey said:
Instead, try using the substitution u=x-y to rewrite the DE in terms of u(x) and u'(x).
That will result in another nonhomogeneous ODE. A tiny bit simpler perhaps, but still nonhomogeneous.

computerex: What have you been taught regarding solving nonhomogeneous differential equations?
 
D H said:
That will result in another nonhomogeneous ODE. A tiny bit simpler perhaps, but still nonhomogeneous.

Something about separable ODE's appeals to me though:wink:
 
Depends on the OP's background. The original problem can be rewritten as

\frac{dy}{dx} + y = x

The homogeneous and particular solutions can be read off just by inspection.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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