Solving the Uncertainty Principle: Kinetic Energy & Position

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the uncertainty principle as it relates to kinetic energy and position in quantum mechanics. It establishes that kinetic energy and position do not commute, leading to a non-zero uncertainty relation defined by the equation ΔKE * Δx ≥ h/(4π), where h represents Planck's constant. The confusion arises from the expectation value of linear momentum being zero for a 1-D particle in a box, which does not negate the existence of uncertainty in kinetic energy and position. The key takeaway is that the uncertainty principle does not imply that uncertainties are zero, but rather that they are constrained by a specific relationship.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles
  • Familiarity with the uncertainty principle
  • Knowledge of Planck's constant (h)
  • Basic concepts of linear momentum in quantum systems
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the mathematical derivation of the uncertainty principle in quantum mechanics
  • Explore the implications of non-commuting operators in quantum theory
  • Learn about the role of Planck's constant in quantum mechanics
  • Investigate the behavior of particles in a 1-D box model
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Students of physics, particularly those studying quantum mechanics, educators explaining the uncertainty principle, and researchers exploring the implications of non-commuting variables in physical systems.

crysien
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I am a little confused by something by something in my physical chemistry textbook.

If two measurable quantities do not commute, then an uncertainty relation exists for them. Kinetic energy and position do not commute, and the expectation value for linear momentum in a 1-D particle in a box is zero. However, the uncertainty relation for KE and position says that:
ea4ac9e08bc75be3ec3c9914afeba015.png


Obviously, the uncertainty can't be zero, but I don't see why this equation is correct and I haven't found anything working out the actual integral to reach this result online. Could someone please explain?
 
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The uncertainty relation for kinetic energy and position states that the product of the uncertainties in these two quantities must be greater than or equal to a certain value. This value is known as the "uncertainty principle" and is equal to h/(4π), where h is Planck's constant. The equation you have given is simply a statement of this principle; it does not imply that the actual values for the uncertainties in these two quantities are zero. In fact, the equations for linear momentum in a 1-D particle in a box only imply that the expectation value for linear momentum is zero, not necessarily the actual value.
 

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