Static charge density vs free charge density

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between static charge density and free charge density in a system comprising a solid metal sphere and a hollow metal sphere filled with a dielectric material. The charge density 'ρ0' is equated to the free charge density 'pf' in the textbook, which raises questions about the definitions and distinctions between free and bound charge densities. The key equation presented is that charge density equals free charge density plus bound charge density. Understanding this relationship is crucial for grasping the behavior of dielectrics in electrostatics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electrostatics and charge density concepts
  • Familiarity with dielectrics and their properties
  • Knowledge of the equation relating charge density, free charge density, and bound charge density
  • Basic principles of conductors and insulators in electrostatic equilibrium
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of dielectrics, focusing on relative permittivity 'ε'
  • Learn about the concept of polarization in dielectrics
  • Explore the mathematical derivation of charge density equations in electrostatics
  • Investigate the differences between free charge and bound charge in various materials
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics or electrical engineering, particularly those studying electrostatics and the behavior of dielectrics in electric fields.

superg33k
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Homework Statement



A solid metal sphere of radius 'a' is concentric with a hollow metal sphere of inner radius '2a'. The space between the spheres is filled with a dielectric material of relative permittivity 'ε' carrying a uniform static charge density 'ρ0'. The charge density is zero outside the spheres.

My question:

In the answers at the back of my book 'p0' is equated to the free charge density 'pf'. Shouldn't it be equated to charge density?

I know I'm getting hung up on the wording but it might show a large gap in my understanding of dielectrics.

Homework Equations


Charge density = free charge density + bound charge density

The Attempt at a Solution

 
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hi superg33k! :smile:

as you know, an insulator can have a surface charge, and that will be free charge exactly the same as the free surface charge of a conductor …

unlike a conductor (in equilibrium), an insulator can also have free charge in the interior in the same way as it has on the surface (nothing to do with polarisation)

and "dielectric" is just a fancy word for "insulator"! :biggrin:

(the dielectric may of course also have some bound charge, due to polarisation, in the interior)
 

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