Stress and Strain tensors in cylindrical coordinates

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the computation of Stress and Strain tensors in cylindrical coordinates, as presented in the textbook "Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media." The original poster expresses confusion regarding the additional terms in the diagonal components of the stress tensor, particularly in relation to the gradient of the displacement vector and its implications in a curvilinear coordinate system.

Discussion Character

  • Mixed

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to clarify the relationship between the displacement gradient and the strain tensor, questioning the presence of unexpected terms in the stress tensor's diagonal components. Some participants highlight the importance of considering the symmetric part of the displacement gradient and the role of unit vector derivatives in curvilinear coordinates.

Discussion Status

Participants are actively engaging with the original poster's concerns, providing feedback on the definitions and relationships between tensors. There is acknowledgment of the complexities introduced by cylindrical coordinates, and some guidance has been offered regarding the differentiation process and the treatment of unit vectors.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes references to specific equations from the textbook and highlights the original poster's uncertainty about their understanding of calculus in this context. There is an indication of a mix of mathematical and physical concepts being explored.

Remixex
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Homework Statement


I am following a textbook "Seismic Wave Propagation in Stratified Media" by Kennet, I was greeted by the fact that he decided to use cylindrical coordinates to compute the Stress and Strain tensor, so given these two relations, that I believed to be constitutive given an isotropic elastic medium =
$$\nabla (\textbf{u}) = \bar{\bar{\epsilon}}_{ij}$$
$$\tau_{ij}=\lambda \delta_{ij} \epsilon_{kk} + 2\mu \epsilon_{ij}$$
Given epsilon Strain and tau Stress tensors I was then surprised to see this

https://imgur.com/x4PG3iN

Equation 2.1.4, the shear stresses (crossed derivatives) and strains hold water to what I did, but the diagonals have an extra something...it looks like a divergence, multiplied by lambda, Am I missing basic calculus knowledge to solve this problem? I admit to be a bit rusty in my notation, even computing the equation 2.1.2 was tiring, but now I'm really surprised by this.
Any feedback would be greatly appreciated, thanks :)

Homework Equations


$$\nabla (\textbf{u}) = \bar{\bar{\epsilon}}_{ij}$$
$$\tau_{ij}=\lambda \delta_{ij} \epsilon_{kk} + 2\mu \epsilon_{ij}$$

The Attempt at a Solution


Stated aboveP.S. [/B]= I posted it here because it is a mixture of math and physics, if it's wrong please let me know
 
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The strain tensor is the symmetric part of the displacement gradient tensor, not just the gradient (that's where the cross derivatives come in). In addition, when you are taking the gradient of the displacement vector in a curvilinear coordinate system, you also need to include the partial derivatives of the unit vectors with respect to the coordinates, which change from location to location (This is not the case in Cartesian coordinates).

Your expression for the stress tensor in terms of the strain tensor is correct.
 
Yes you are right, I forgot to type it here. I meant to write
$$\frac{1}{2}( \nabla (\textbf{u}) + \nabla (\textbf{u})^T) = \bar{\bar{\epsilon_{ij}}}$$
And the anti symmetric tensor is zero because there are no rotations, my main issue is due to the diagonals, the rr component of Tau has more than what i'd expect it to have
 
Remixex said:
Yes you are right, I forgot to type it here. I meant to write
$$\frac{1}{2}( \nabla (\textbf{u}) + \nabla (\textbf{u})^T) = \bar{\bar{\epsilon_{ij}}}$$
And the anti symmetric tensor is zero because there are no rotations, my main issue is due to the diagonals, the rr component of Tau has more than what i'd expect it to have
Like I said, when you evaluate the gradient of the displacement, you need to use the product rule for differentiation, including derivatives of the unit vectors. In cylindrical coordinates, the unit vectors in the radial and circumferential directions are function of theta.
 

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