Surface Finish vs. Fatigue strength?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between surface finish, specifically Ra (Roughness Average), and fatigue strength in materials. The participant, a product manager with expertise in surface texture measurement, argues that Ra is an inadequate parameter for assessing surface suitability, as it does not account for variations in surface profiles. They emphasize that the commonly accepted maximum Ra value of 63 Ra for highly stressed areas lacks a scientific basis and suggest that a minimum Ra value should be established. The participant concludes that no standardized chart exists correlating surface finish to fatigue strength due to the inherent differences in materials.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of surface finish parameters, particularly Ra (Roughness Average).
  • Knowledge of fatigue strength concepts in materials science.
  • Familiarity with the impact of surface texture on material performance.
  • Awareness of low cycle fatigue (LCF) and high cycle fatigue (HCF) distinctions.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the limitations of Ra as a surface finish parameter in engineering.
  • Explore alternative surface finish metrics beyond Ra for fatigue strength assessment.
  • Investigate the effects of surface texture on low cycle fatigue (LCF) and high cycle fatigue (HCF).
  • Examine case studies where surface finish significantly impacted material performance.
USEFUL FOR

Engineers, product managers, and materials scientists involved in surface finish evaluation and fatigue strength analysis will benefit from this discussion.

jerich1000
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Does anyone have access to a chart shown surface finish vs. impact of fatigue strength at 10^6 for various matals?

In our company we limit the surface finishes to 63 Ra max for highly stressed areas. But where did that value come from? The best way to find out is to see a chart showing the specific affects of finish Ra to fatigue strength.

Thanks,
 
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as a product manager of the company that invented the industrial method of measuring surface TEXTURE, I can tell you that Ra is a worthless parameter. It is the average of the peak to valley height of a surface profile over a sampling length..average being the key word.. it is little better than your finger nail is determining suitability of a surface. in addition the tolerancing you mentioned does nothing to restrict the manufacturer form wasting time and money over finishing the surface. there should be a minimum Ra value as well.
Finally, the value assigned is strictly arbitrary unless some function part that has lasted over time had such a surface texture Average Roughness reading.
Note attached illustration of two surfaces with the identical parameter Ra ( used to be CLa, AA, and most wrongly RMS pre 1960s), will oil adhere to these two surfaces the same? will light reflect the same/ will they perform identical functions regarding electric conductivity?
Ra is little better than your finger nail..
 

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That chart simply won't exist. Materials are different in so many ways, that there really isn't such a thing as a "standard" chart of parameter vs. parameter.

Having said that, in my experience, surface finish typically had more of an effect on LCF life than HCF, IIRC.
 

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