The difference between hard science

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the distinction between "hard science" and "theoretical science," exploring definitions and implications of these terms within the context of scientific understanding and application. Participants seek clarity on how these categories differ, particularly in relation to proven versus unproven theories.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that "hard science" refers to disciplines with a physical basis, while "theoretical science" may encompass less empirically validated theories.
  • One participant argues that "unproven theory" is an oxymoron, asserting that scientific theories are well-substantiated explanations that require evidence.
  • Another participant emphasizes the practical applications of established theories, citing examples like GPS technology and semiconductors, which rely on principles of general relativity and quantum mechanics, respectively.
  • There is a call for a clear definition of "hard science" and "theoretical science," with some participants expressing confusion over the terms and their usage.
  • One participant expresses frustration at the lack of authoritative responses, highlighting a perceived difference between established scientific principles and speculative theories.
  • Some contributions question whether the two categories are mutually exclusive, suggesting that the distinction may depend on perspective.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the definitions of "hard science" and "theoretical science." Multiple competing views remain, with some participants advocating for clearer distinctions while others challenge the necessity of such separations.

Contextual Notes

Participants express varying levels of familiarity with the terms, indicating that definitions may not be universally accepted or rigorously applied. The discussion reflects differing interpretations of what constitutes "hard" versus "theoretical" science.

  • #31
By "testability", I meant "ability to make empirical prediction that can be confirmed or refuted". Falsifiability seems to be (implicitly) included in this definition of testability, which avoids all the unnecessary pitfalls, such as the fact that negative attacks on a theory (say, evolution) can be refuted is the same as saying that another perspective (say, ID) is a scientific theory.
 
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  • #32
humanino said:
String theory allows us to calculate virtually anything particle physics measures, and more. The question raised is "which version of string theory should I use ?". If we could point to the exact vacuum we need, we would have enormous progress. Right now, there is just too vast a choice, and any observation would probably be consistent with many versions of string theory.

That still doesn't make it a theory, to be a theory it would need experimental proof in and of itself, ie strings detectable, or harmonics, or you would need a substantial amount of evidence that the effects of x are caused by said theory and not other reasons.

Until that happens it is still a hypothesis, albeit a strong one.

I'm sorry but you don't get special dispensation from scientific method because you have kung-fu/ninja maths skills. Doesn't work like that.
 
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  • #33
Schrödinger's Dog said:
That still doesn't make it a theory, to be a theory it would need experimental proof in and of itself, ie strings detectable, or harmonics, or you would need a substantial amount of evidence that the effects of x are caused by said theory and not other reasons.
I think we agree. I used to word "theory" when I referred to "string theory" without realizing that it conflicts with your arguments, which I know only too well :smile:
I'm sorry but you don't get special dispensation from scientific method because you have kung-fu/ninja maths skills. Doesn't work like that.
:smile:
I do not claim having such skills, but I would like to have kung-fu/ninja martial art ones :-p

Look, let us imagine the following scenario for one second. Loop quantum gravity is essentially correct. A spinfoam-twistor-non-commutative geometry, call it Penrose-Connes model, will finally provide us a complete unified theory. String theory was just a toy-model, and never real-world-model. We must still reconginze that, without string theory, it would have taken us much more time to reach the Penrose-Connes model. Even more, most probably the Penrose-Connes model can be considered as one of those string toys !

In the end, what is the point with this soft/hard science ? Even though I agree with the list proposed, they are not more than qualitative, where to put such and such is also a matter of taste until a theory goes to your top or bottom item. Anything in between, for physics at least, is work in progress. Should work in progress not be communicated to a vast public ?
 
  • #34
Then we are agreed, String theory is a sound and rigorous hypothesis and I do not underestimate it's merit to science, only it's definition as a theory which we agree to disagree on. :smile:

I actually quite like LQG and dare I say it RQM. They are a bit more likely to be testable from what I hear.
 
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