The Kubo Formula of Hall Conductivity

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SUMMARY

The Kubo formula for Hall conductivity is derived from the Kubo identity, specifically in the context of two-dimensional systems. The formula incorporates velocity operators v1 and v2, which represent the velocities in the x and y directions, respectively. The derivation involves the time correlation function of the observable and the applied field, leading to a current-current correlation function. This approach is essential for understanding Hall measurements, where the current is orthogonal to the applied field.

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  • Understanding of Kubo formula and its applications in condensed matter physics
  • Familiarity with two-dimensional systems in quantum mechanics
  • Knowledge of velocity operators in quantum mechanics
  • Concept of time correlation functions in linear response theory
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  • Study the derivation of the Kubo formula in the context of Hall conductivity
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Physicists, particularly those specializing in condensed matter physics, quantum mechanics researchers, and anyone studying Hall conductivity and its derivations.

cometzir
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Several papers (eg. Di Xiao, et. al, Berry phase effects on electronic properties, RevModPhys, 82,2010)mentioned a formula to calculate the Hall conductivity(See the picture).This formula is used in an two dimensional system, v1 and v2 are velocity operators in x and y direction, Phi0 and PhiN are ground and excited state vector.
The papers claim that this formula can be derived from the Kubo identity, but I am not sure how this can be done, since the form of Kubo formla is quite different from this expression.
Could anyone help me with the derivation?
 

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What are v1 and v2?
 
DrDu said:
What are v1 and v2?

Sorry for unclearly description.
This formula is used in a two dimensional system. v1 and v2 are velocity operators in x and y direction
 
Which part is unfamiliar to you? The general linear response formula involves the time correlation function of the observable and the applied field. In a Hall measurement, the current is measured in the direction orthogonal to the applied field, which is why vx and vy show up. Writing the field in terms of the current density then gives the time integral of a current-current (or velocity-velocity) correlation function and performing the time evolution in the basis of eigenstates (Lehmann representation) should give the final result.
 

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