The total equivalent capacitance

Join the discussion
Registration is free. Start your own thread to ask a follow-up.
7 replies · 2K views · last reply
Samanko
Messages
14
Reaction score
3
Moved from a technical forum, so homework template missing.
Circuit diagram of two parallel-plate capacitor pairs in series with a voltmeter V connected across the first pair; each of the four capacitors is labelled C.


The circuit is shown.
The explanation says
"The total potential difference is 2V."
"The total equivalent capacitance is C."

Since there are 4 parallel capacitors, isn't the equivalent capacitance 4C and total potential difference 4V?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
For capacitors to add they must all be in parallel with each other.

The circuit shown has two separate instances of two capacitors in parallel, those with the voltmeter connected in parallel with them on the left, and those parallel to each other on the right.

The instance on the left does indeed have an equivalent value of 2C, and so does the instance on the right.

The two instances are however in series with each other.

Do you know how to find the value of capacitors in series? If not, look it up. That should give you enough information to find the equivalent capacitance of the circuit.

Cheers,
Tom
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Samanko and Delta2
Tom.G said:
For capacitors to add they must all be in parallel with each other.

The circuit shown has two separate instances of two capacitors in parallel, those with the voltmeter connected in parallel with them on the left, and those parallel to each other on the right.

The instance on the left does indeed have an equivalent value of 2C, and so does the instance on the right.

The two instances are however in series with each other.

Do you know how to find the value of capacitors in series? If not, look it up. That should give you enough information to find the equivalent capacitance of the circuit.

Cheers,
Tom
Thank you for answering.

I understand each of two capacitors of two instances are parallel. But I don't understand how come the two instances are in series. The wire is directly connected to each instance. Isn' it in parallel?
 
Samanko said:
I don't understand how come the two instances are in series. The wire is directly connected to each instance. Isn' it in parallel?
How should two instances in series look like according to you?
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Samanko
A.T. said:
How should two instances in series look like according to you?
Hand-drawn circuit schematic: a battery labelled V on the top wire of a rectangular loop, with three capacitor symbols stacked in series down the right-hand side.


I thought the capacitors should be connected by one wire to be in series.
 
Samanko said:
I thought the capacitors should be connected by one wire to be in series.
Illustrating what @Tom.G said:

Circuit schematic with a voltmeter V connected across two groups of two parallel capacitors labelled C, the left group circled in green and the right group circled in red.

The pair of capacitors circled in green are in parallel. This pair can be replaced by an "equivalent" single capacitor with a capacitance value of 2C.

Similarly: The pair of capacitors circled in red are in parallel. This pair can also be replaced by an "equivalent" single capacitor with a capacitance value which is also 2C.

Redraw the circuit.

Hand-drawn circuit schematic showing two pairs of capacitors, each pair drawn side by side with a wire joining them, circled in green and red; a voltmeter labelled V is connected across the green pair.


Do you agree that these resulting capacitors are in series?
 
Attachments
  • Circuit schematic with a voltmeter V connected across two pairs of capacitors. The left pair, circled in yellow, has two capacitors labelled C in parallel. The right pair, circled in red, has two capacitors labelled C in parallel, with the two pairs connected in series along the wire.
    1569858837473.png
    30.7 KB · Views: 389
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Delta2 and Tom.G
Samanko said:
View attachment 250421

I thought the capacitors should be connected by one wire to be in series.
That's all 4 capacitors in series. I asked you how the 2 instances (each consisting of 2 parallel capacitors) would look in series, if you don't think that's what your circuit is.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Samanko
A.T. said:
That's all 4 capacitors in series. I asked you how the 2 instances (each consisting of 2 parallel capacitors) would look in series, if you don't think that's what your circuit is.
Thank you!