Calculating Jupiter's Orbital Period Around the Sun: A Physics Problem

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating Jupiter's orbital period around the Sun using Kepler's Third Law of planetary motion. The formula provided, T(period) = 2πr^(3/2)/√(GMearth), is intended to determine the time it takes for Jupiter to complete one orbit. Participants emphasize the importance of understanding the forces acting on celestial bodies and suggest using the relationship between the periods of Earth and Jupiter to find the solution. The correct approach involves applying the formula for relative time periods, specifically 1/T = 1/T1 - 1/T2, where T1 and T2 represent the orbital periods of Earth and Jupiter, respectively.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Kepler's Third Law of planetary motion
  • Familiarity with Newton's laws of motion
  • Basic knowledge of circular motion and acceleration
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study Kepler's Third Law in detail, focusing on its mathematical implications
  • Learn about the gravitational constant (G) and its role in celestial mechanics
  • Explore the concept of relative motion in circular orbits
  • Investigate the relationship between orbital radius and period for different planets
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Students studying physics, particularly those interested in celestial mechanics, as well as educators looking for examples of applying Kepler's laws in problem-solving contexts.

mobius
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The Earth orbits the Sun once a year at a distance of 1.50x1011 m. Jupiter orbits the Sun at distance of 7.78 x 1011 m. These distances are between the centre of the planet and the sun. How long ( in Earth days ) does it take for Jupiter to make one orbit around the Sun?

T(period = 8.64E4 sec) = 2πr^(3/2)/√(GMearth)

i have tried adding and subtracting the two radiis together and then plugging it into the equation...however it is incorrect...i am either not understanding the problem or is it just human error...?
 
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Hi mobius,

We welcome homework problems here, in the Homework Help forum. We also ask that you attempt the problems first, and show us your work up to the point where you get stuck.

- Warren
 
Originally posted by mobius
i cannot manipulate the formula in order to solve this, maybe it's because i do not understand the problem fully...i just need an explanation on setting this up...much appreciated

Start by identifying all the forces acting on the body (the pilot), then tell us what you know about acceleration, circular motion, and Newton's laws!
 
Hint: You use keplers third law where (time period)^2= (radius of orbit)^3
 
if I'm not understanding wrong, we have to find the 'relative' time period of the planet w.r.t earth. Here relative means : let car A & B start from pt. P in diff. Circles with diff. Speeds. Now relative time period will be that when both will reach pt. Again simultans. To do this problem u can take the help of concept of beats from waves.
Therefore use this:
1/T=1/T1 - 1/T2
Where T1 , T2 are the periods of Earth and Jupiter resp.
Tell me if it's right
 

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