Trajectory of charged particles in a uniform magnetic field

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the trajectory of charged particles, specifically an electron and a proton, injected into a uniform magnetic field at right angles. Both particles possess the same kinetic energy, leading to the conclusion that the electron's trajectory is more curved than that of the proton due to its smaller mass. The relationship between mass, velocity, and radius of curvature is established through the equation Bqv = (mv^2)/r, demonstrating that the radius of curvature for the electron is less than that for the proton. The consensus is that the book's answer, which states the electron trajectory is less curved, is incorrect.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of basic electromagnetism principles
  • Familiarity with the motion of charged particles in magnetic fields
  • Knowledge of kinetic energy equations and their implications
  • Ability to interpret mathematical relationships involving mass, velocity, and radius
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Lorentz force and its effect on charged particles in magnetic fields
  • Explore the derivation of the radius of curvature for charged particles
  • Investigate the differences in particle dynamics between electrons and protons
  • Review advanced electromagnetism textbooks for deeper insights into particle motion
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in the dynamics of charged particles in magnetic fields will benefit from this discussion.

Amith2006
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1) An electron and a proton are injected into a uniform magnetic field at right angles to the direction of the field with the same Kinetic Energy. Then:
a)the electron trajectory will be less curved than the proton trajectory
b)the proton trajectory will be less curved than the electron trajectory
c)both the trajectories will be equally curved
d)both the trajectories will be straight

My reasoning is as follows:
Let –e be the charge of electron, +e be the charge of proton and B be the uniform magnetic field. Let mass of proton be Mp and mass of electron be Me. Let v1 and v2 be the velocity of electron and proton respectively.
We know that Mp > Me
We know that a charged particle describes a circular path in a perpendicular magnetic field.
So, Bqv = (mv^2)/r
r = (mv^2)/(Bqv)
= {(1/2)mv^2}/{(1/2)Bqv}
Since kinetic energy, magnetic field and charge are same for electron and proton,
r proportional to 1/v
Now, K.E of electron = K.E of proton
(1/2)(Me)(v1^2) = (1/2)(Mp)(v2^2)
(v1/v2)^2 = Mp/Me
Since Mp > Me, v1>v2
Now, r1/r2 = v2/v1
Since v2<v1, r1<r2
So, radius of circular path of electron is less than radius of circular path of proton. So the electron path is more curved that proton path because curvature is the reciprocal of radius of curvature. But the book answer is a)the electron trajectory will be less curved than the proton trajectory. Please help!
 
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I can find nothing wrong with what you did.

Your book once again seems to be wrong. I still think it's high time you got a better book.
 
I will agree with siddharth, the answer you gave is correct; as I have said before, your text does not give one the utmost confidence when it is riddled with simple errors.
 
I think the book answer meant the radius of curvature. Thanks for the assistance.
 
Last edited:

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