Two Conducting Spheres Connected

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SUMMARY

When two conducting spheres are connected by an ideal thin wire, the electric potential at the surface of each sphere becomes equal, despite differing radii. This results in unequal charge densities on the spheres, which can be counterintuitive. Gauss's Law confirms that the surface charge density is greater on the smaller sphere due to its curvature, leading to a higher concentration of charge. Understanding this concept is crucial for grasping the behavior of electric fields in conductive materials.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Gauss's Law
  • Familiarity with electric potential and charge distribution
  • Basic knowledge of conducting materials and their properties
  • Concept of surface charge density
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of Gauss's Law in electrostatics
  • Explore the relationship between charge density and sphere curvature
  • Investigate the behavior of electric fields in conductive materials
  • Learn about potential differences in connected conductive systems
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in electrostatics and the behavior of electric charges in conductive materials.

LikwidN2
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When a charge is applied to a conducting sphere and connected to another conducting sphere by an ideal thin wire (infinite distance apart), the potential at the surface of each sphere is the same.

However, that means (for spheres of different radii) that the charge density on each sphere would be unequal. This seems counterintuitive. Why wouldn't the charges maintain maximum (and therefor equal) distances from each other, giving equal charge density.

It's been proved to me using Gauss's Law, and the numbers work right, but to me that's the equivalent of saying the sky is blue because a camera detects it as being blue (apologies for the awful analogy, but I think you'll get what I mean - I want something more concrete and intuitive).

Is there any such explanation? I'm not doubting Gauss or my physics textbook, just trying to understand this seemingly fundamental concept.

Thanks in advance,
Likwid

P.S - Lucky you guys, there's actually no problem attatched to this question.
 
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Naively, if the surface charge density on each sphere was the same, then the charges would be much more crowded on the smaller sphere (since it curves more into 3D).
 
cesiumfrog said:
Naively, if the surface charge density on each sphere was the same, then the charges would be much more crowded on the smaller sphere (since it curves more into 3D).

The surface charge density is actually more on the smaller sphere...
 
Thanks for both the replies all the replies. I think I finally get it.
 
Shooting star said:
The surface charge density is actually more on the smaller sphere...

ah. More crowded in 3D, but importantly less crowded tangentially. :smile: This naivity thing isn't working out so good anymore..
 

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